This paper describes the characteristics and circumstances defining nine decision cases in an effort to provide methodological assistance for practitioners. Each case is examined according to its objectives (single or multiple), resource level (limited or unlimited), time frame (a priori or evaluative), and the nature of desired decisions. In…

Operational gaming is a kind of decision simulation where the players make decisions within the framework of a simulated operating system. For the game to have value in developing vocational awareness, the decision-making exercise should be structured around a model of real life vocational decisions. The gaming experience aims toward helping the…

Most existing automatic content analysis and indexing techniques are based on work frequency characteristics applied largely in an ad hoc manner. Contradictory requirements arise in this connection, in that terms exhibiting high occurrence frequencies in individual documents are often useful for high recall performance (to retrieve many relevant…

This paper presents a six-stage model for sexual decision making which is based on six questions, each of which represents a point at which a decision must be made. The six questions are: (1) intercourse or no intercourse; (2) children or no children; (3) birth control or no birth control; (4) delivery or abortion; (5) keep the child or give it…

This paper emphasizes the need to go beyond structural models of personality and intellect to develop sequential models of psychological process, particularly for such complex phenomena of prime concern to theory and application as learning, problem solving, and creativity. It is further argued that factor analysis, in a multitude of studies of…

A new form of the Purdue Elementary Problem Solving Inventory which presents real-life problem situations as three-dimensional models is described and developmental data is presented. Second and fourth graders in an advantaged and a disadvantaged school were given either the model version or the original slide version of the Inventory. The model…

This model for solving educational problems consists of four major steps: (1) the problem is defined and verified; (2) solution criteria are established; (3) solution alternatives are surveyed; and (4) a solution is selected. "Problem" is defined as the discrepancy between an existing condition and a desired condition. This model is to be…

The author presents these three ground rules for engaging in organizational conflict: (1) take the offensive; (2) take the cue for the second move from the opponent's defensive response; and (3) know when to execute a "strategic retreat." (HMV)

Three approaches to teaching university-level creative problem-solving skills are described. (BD)

The authors describe practice problems of the 1977-78 Future Problem Solving Program (involving gifted students from fourth to twelfth grade) to illustrate the Osborne-Parnes problem solving model for developing creativity instructional materials. (SBH)

The social processes which limit the use of direct perceptual experience and the way in which they affect communication between two individuals who seek to resolve problems together are explained. A model designed to bring direct experience into balance with social structures as a perceptual resource for partners in the problem solving process is…

This model stresses the special needs of professional skills required by the mental health consultant. The Caplanian Model describes case and administrative consultation. Consultee-centered approach aims to enhance the mental health skills of the participants. Consultee-client improvement is desirable but not the primary goal. (Author/MFD)

Consultation needs a sound basis for an integration of its parts in order to become a scientific discipline. Help givers have concentrated on specializing to the detriment of solidarity of consultation. Studying and evaluating consultation behavior results in a coherent and systematic basis for a consultation theory. (Author/MFD)

This triad of consulting models identifies the assumption upon which each rests. The consultant with adequate knowledge and self-insight will understand which model is appropriate to a given situation. The three models include: (1) purchase of expertise; (2) doctor-patient role; and (3) consultation process for problem solving. (Author/MFD)

The purpose of this article is to describe a modified evaluation model for use by clients to evaluate existing student services programs and to explore the applicability of the methods of creative problem solving to the ensuing results revealed and/or problems identified in assessments of student services programs. (Author)