The literature relating to instructional improvement since 1978 is examined. After a review of implications of recent learning theories, it is concluded that theorists agree generally that: learning is enhanced when the student is active rather than passive; learning is improved by practice and feedback; learning is improved when directed toward…

A conceptual model is presented for the development of thinking skills by using an instructional model employing high level cognitive demands. "Distancing" is proposed as the concept to denote behaviors or events that separate the child cognitively from the immediate behavioral environment. Forms and functions of distancing behavior are…

This module is intended to help guidance personnel in a variety of educational and agency settings increase their skills in (1) choosing a theory-based practical program development model that will promote the conceptual framework for the entire planning, supporting, implementing, operating, and evaluating cycle; (2) analyzing needs and priorities…

The importance of accessibility to digital resources is now widely acknowledged. The W3C WAI has played a significant role in promoting the importance of accessibility and developing a framework for accessible Web resources. The accessibility of e-learning provides additional challenges that may not be faced when providing access to other Web…

A review of research on instructional methods at community colleges since 1970 is presented. Studies of individualized instruction, programmed instruction and computer application, media approaches, affective approaches, student-faculty interaction and learning outcomes, and peer tutoring are discussed. Positive impacts of the various methods are…

Because the concept of staff development has generated considerable interest in community colleges nationwide, and many educators are engaged in its implementation, this handbook was prepared as a comprehensive survey of essential topics in planning, implementing, and evaluating staff development programs. The handbook, focusing on in-service…

The effects of instruction in critical thinking are investigated, using instructional materials based on a theoretical model of critical thinking. The model emphasized the role of concepts and processes in responding to instances of valid and invalid reasoning, argument, and evidence. Instruction focused on eight cognitive operations:…

Conceptual and operational details of the evaluation of the National Diffusion of Network (NDN) are presented. The NDN promotes the exchange of successful educational practices. The report is divided into five sections, starting with an overview of the report. In the second chapter, a conceptual model for the evaluation is derived. The third…

Literature is reviewed and research is proposed on the supervision of teaching. The literature review on administrative theory in business and education reveals three periods of thought: a period when theories of supervision focused on the producer (the worker or teacher), a period when theories focused on the supervisor-producer relationship, and…

Though extensive research has been conducted to measure educational outcomes in terms of quantity and cost, there has been little discussion or analysis of educational quality and its measurement. Quality may be defined in terms of whether a service or product meets or exceeds prespecified standards and can be measured in relation to defined…

The Eastern Virginia Area Health Education Center (AHEC) Program provides the organization and funding for implementing substantial linkages among the Eastern Virginia Medical School, affiliated institutions, and health-care professions; and establishing a center in the adjacent geographic services areas. The Bureau of Health Manpower contract…

A Management Development and Training Program has been developed by the Higher Education Management Institute to improve the overall functioning of higher education organizations. The Institute believes management development and training can: add to individuals' knowledge and skills, increase awareness of management processes and systems;…

This teaching guide is the first of three volumes designed to teach Afro-American children street/folk/musical games in the elementary classroom. It is one of the Interdependent Learning Models (ILM) whose overall objective is for teachers to use the cultures of their students as vehicles for teaching academic skills and content. This volume…

This teaching guide is the second of three volumes designed to teach Afro-American children street/folk/musical games in the elementary classroom. It is one of the Interdependent Learning Models (ILM) whose overall objective is for teachers to use the cultures of their students as vehicles for teaching academic skills and content. This volume…

DYNAMOD II IS A COMPUTERIZED MARKOVIAN-TYPE FLOW MODEL DEVELOPED TO PROVIDE ESTIMATES OF THE EDUCATIONAL POPULATION OF STUDENTS AND TEACHERS OVER SELECTED INTERVALS OF TIME. THE POPULATION IS CROSS-CLASSIFIED INTO 108 GROUPS BY SEX, RACE, AGE, AND EDUCATIONAL CATEGORY. THIS NOTE DESCRIBES THE METHODOLOGY USED IN DYNAMOD II, COMPARES DYNAMOD II…