The hypothesis testing model is the most dominant model of adult concept learning. Based on task performance, subjects in the experiment were categorized into three levels of concept attainment. Results suggested the hypothesis testing model adequately reflected the performance of only the most successful subjects. (Author/DWH)

Presents a theory of cognitive processing in counseling. Describes a research paradigm that considers cognitive processes and attempts to link such processes to the interactive behaviors of counselors and clients and to client learning outcomes. Considers methodological and conceptual issues related to the operationalization of this cognitive…

Reflects on G. Zivin's framework on the development of expressive behavior. Stresses the need to include noncognitive, as well as cognitive, affective activation in the framework, and the necessity for the adoption of an inclusive, synthesizing strategy at this stage of knowledge. (HOD)

Describes the symposium on action theory presented at the 1983 meeting of the International Society for the Study of Behavioral Development in Munich. The symposium included reactions to action theory from a variety of theoretical perspectives. (Author/RH)

Highlights ways in which standard information processing models of language, and specifically of reading, are deficient. Deficiencies are considered under four headings: (1) theoretical rigour, (2) the interaction of different levels of information during reading; (3) the parallel nature of much of human information processing, and (4) reading…

Cognitive research in mental retardation is reviewed according to research in model development (including work on the structures and processes comprising the cognitive system) and in the modifiability of cognitive processes (focusing on attempts to assess and intervene through use of examples). (CL)

Assesses the benefits and limitations of writing as a cognitive process. Discusses the cognitive process model of writing, then proposes an ecological model of writing, where a fundamental tenet is that writing is an activity through which a person is continually engaged with a variety of socially constituted systems. (EL)

Cognition in the elderly has been widely investigated, but there has been some disagreement concerning this phenomenon fostered in part by differences in instruments used, in data collection methods, and in analytic methods used. This study used Immediate and Delayed Recall data collected by the Health and Retirement Survey housed at the…

This paper discusses the role of uncertainty during the early stages of problem solving. It is argued that students start the problem solving activity with some degree of uncertainty that may vary from high to low. This degree of uncertainty may affect students' decisions at early stages of the problem solving process. It may be suggested that an…

In the artistic process the artist verifies and exemplifies his or her perceptions and conception of their work. This paper discusses the model of the artistic process which describes the repertoire of perceptual clues that the artist develops. The rationale for the development of the model is for the art teacher to be able to explain in simple…

Models of development and models of memory reflect either a mechanistic or organismic world view. A merger of the information-processing models of memory and qualitative models of development is suggested, and has valuable implications about the possible nature of "locus" of memory development (ST)

After being measured for test anxiety, three groups of participants observed an experimenter, who served as a model, solve sample problems prior to performing themselves. Opportunity to observe a model who verbalized while working on problems and who stated general principles had a positive effect on performance. (Author/KM)

A number of models are considered that specify how children and adults solve single-digit addition problems. (Authors)

Presents procedures, results, and conclusions of a study to see if psychological relations of association and similarity are consistent with a model to account for learned relations among concepts by college physics majors. The role of these relations in evaluating conceptual knowledge is dismissed. (DS)