This study investigates attributions based on behavior congruent with situational demands (in-role) and those based on behavior incongruent with situational demands (out-of-role). (Editor)

Describes alternative theoretical positions regarding (a) the component information processes used in analogical reasoning and (b) strategies for combining these processes. Also presents results from three experiments on analogical reasoning. (Author/RK)

When shown a pair of digits and asked to select the larger of the two, subjects make their choice more quickly as the numerical difference between the digits increases. Presents and tests a semantic coding model that can explain this and all previous results. (Editor)

This research assesses whether the presence of noise elements in a visual display affects the detection of target letters at the perceptual or feature extraction level of information processing and whether (a) input or processing channels operate in an independent or interactive fashion and (b) how the spatial relation between signal and noise…

The needs of medicine and education for diagnostic information do not always coincide, and a number of educators and social scientists have turned to a description of information-processing models as an alternative route to describing handicapping conditions in an educationally meaningful way. (Authors)

Seven institutional research maxims based on research and theory about how people cognitively process information are discussed: more may not be better; augment humans with models; chunk data wisely; know decision-makers; heuristics are not always helpful; arrange tables by patterns; and accept negative evidence and new hypotheses. (Author/MLW)

The technical objective of this research was to develop a computer method for arranging a number of individual task patterns, representing job incumbents in a given occupational area, into groups or clusters. This advanced computerized technique for clustering work tasks produces homogeneous clusters of task patterns using an input of tasks…

Inexpensive telecommunications, the spread of computing, and globalization are creating major change in the location of work within and between countries. Because no tools have yet been developed to investigate the new spatial employment patterns, a cluster analysis involving more than 50 variables and 206 countries was performed to group…