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Loaiza, Vanessa M.; Camos, Valérie – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Two main mechanisms, articulatory rehearsal and attentional refreshing, are argued to be involved in the maintenance of verbal information in working memory (WM). Whereas converging research has suggested that rehearsal promotes the phonological representations of memoranda in working memory, little is known about the representations that…
Descriptors: Role, Short Term Memory, Verbal Communication, Recall (Psychology)
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Tenison, Caitlin; Anderson, John R. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
A focus of early mathematics education is to build fluency through practice. Several models of skill acquisition have sought to explain the increase in fluency because of practice by modeling both the learning mechanisms driving this speedup and the changes in cognitive processes involved in executing the skill (such as transitioning from…
Descriptors: Skill Development, Mathematics Skills, Learning Processes, Markov Processes
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Hamrick, Phillip – Language Learning, 2014
Humans are remarkably sensitive to the statistical structure of language. However, different mechanisms have been proposed to account for such statistical sensitivities. The present study compared adult learning of syntax and the ability of two models of statistical learning to simulate human performance: Simple Recurrent Networks, which learn by…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Role, Syntax, Computational Linguistics
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Topolinski, Sascha; Deutsch, Roland – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
The present research demonstrates that very brief variations in affect, being around 1 s in length and changing from trial to trial independently from semantic relatedness of primes and targets, modulate the amount of semantic priming. Implementing consonant and dissonant chords (Experiments 1 and 5), naturalistic sounds (Experiment 2), and visual…
Descriptors: Linguistics, Semantics, Language Research, Priming
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Bugg, Julie M.; Jacoby, Larry L.; Chanani, Swati – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2011
The item-specific proportion congruency (ISPC) effect is the finding of attenuated interference for mostly incongruent as compared to mostly congruent items. A debate in the Stroop literature concerns the mechanisms underlying this effect. Noting a confound between proportion congruency and contingency, Schmidt and Besner (2008) suggested that…
Descriptors: Evidence, Experiments, Stimuli, Associative Learning
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Rodriguez, Paul F. – Learning & Memory, 2009
Memory systems are known to be influenced by feedback and error processing, but it is not well known what aspects of outcome contingencies are related to different memory systems. Here we use the Rescorla-Wagner model to estimate prediction errors in an fMRI study of stimulus-outcome association learning. The conditional probabilities of outcomes…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Prediction, Memory, Probability
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Steyvers, Mark; Tenenbaum, Joshua B. – Cognitive Science, 2005
We present statistical analyses of the large-scale structure of 3 types of semantic networks: word associations, WordNet, and Roget's Thesaurus. We show that they have a small-world structure, characterized by sparse connectivity, short average path lengths between words, and strong local clustering. In addition, the distributions of the number of…
Descriptors: Semantics, Internet, Associative Learning, Statistical Analysis
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Pineno, Oskar; Matute, Helena – Psicologica: International Journal of Methodology and Experimental Psychology, 2005
Retroactive interference between cues trained apart has been regarded as an effect that occurs because the target and interfering associations share a common outcome. Although this view is consistent with evidence in the verbal learning tradition (Underwood, 1966) and, more recently, in predictive learning with humans (Pineno & Matute, 2000),…
Descriptors: Cues, Verbal Learning, Organizations (Groups), Prediction