The concept of bidirectionality represents a process of mutual influence between parent and child, whereby each influences the other as well as the dyadic relationship. Despite the widespread acceptance of bidirectional models of influence, there is still a lack of integration of such models in current research designs. Research on…

Attempts to extend and to synthesize interactional, psychoanalytic, and learning theories as they might apply to the family. Highlights complexities of family interaction as they relate to parent child differences, to mate selection, and to marriage. Both affective and cognitive dimensions of human interaction are incorporated into the framework.…

This article describes the development of adaptive experience from passivity through the internalization of social limits and compares it to the ritualistic defensive behavior of children from economically deprived homes. Demonstrates how teachers may use creative materials and activities along a structured-to-fluid continuum to affect a program…

Modeling was shown to be a more rapid modification procedure than was shaping, and the interaction levels produced through modeling, with or without the addition of shaping, were more stable over time. (Authors)

One of 52 theoretical papers on school crime and its relation to poverty, this chapter is an attempt to adopt a social network model to describe linkages between the school and socialization organizations within a community, and, from this view of the social structure, to develop strategies that will promote more arrangements that are better able…

Demonstrates how students who are not directly participating in instruction are key contributors to the social construction of literacy knowledge. Argues for a reconceptualization of classroom language and literacy practices from current dyadic-based frameworks to more expanded multi-party participation frameworks allowing for flexible access to…

This monograph describes the curriculum and teaching methods used to teach socialization skills at the Boys Town (Nebraska) special residential school for boys with behavioral disorders as well as replications of the Boys Town model in other locations. The model takes the basic techniques of the schools's Family/Home model and applies them to…

This collection of essays on socialization theory and research attempts to illustrate a new tendency to see socialization as an interaction process which involves the child as an active partner, rather than as a process by which a child is manipulated. The 13 essays are divided into four categories: (1) Alternate Approaches to Socialization…

A cognitive theory about the representation and processing of ethnic attitudes is presented, and strategies people use to express ethnic attitudes in conversations are discussed. Recent developments in cognitive and social psychology and in microsociology have shown that ethnic prejudices or attitudes are both cognitive and social results of…