Instructional design (ID) is systematic way of suggesting a structure and giving meaning to an instructional problem by helping to visualize the problem and breaking into discrete and manageable units. In addition, ID is a systematic reflective process of applying instructional principles into plans by material, activity, resources and evaluation…

A study of instructional planning periods was undertaken in late 2013 pursuant to West Virginia State Code §18A-4-14 which states: "The state board shall conduct a study on planning periods. The study shall include, but not be limited to, the appropriate length for planning periods at the various grade levels and for the different types of…

Literature indicates that there is limited research on the organizational decision processes to develop and deliver e-learning programs. In this paper, existing e-learning literature is analyzed in terms of macro level factors (national culture and organizational variables) and micro level factors (learner variables, instructional decisions,…

Describes, justifies, and illustrates a process for analyzing and comparing instructional development (ID) models at the task and subtask levels. ID tasks and subtasks are identified, weights are assigned to the subtasks, and various instructional design and instructional development models are compared, as to both comprehensiveness and…

This research assumes that systematic and systemic change are two components in instructional design (ID)--not dichotomous terms, but two sides of an interconnected dual structured system. Specifically, this paper examines the difference between systemic thinking and systematic thinking, the ideal mental model (dual structured systems) for ID, and…

This review of four different computer-assisted instruction algorithms concludes that current authoring guides are more concerned with "user orientation" than with instructional principles, and advocates the application of a design model based on Gagne's information processing model of instruction. Nine references are listed. (MER)

This paper compares two alternative computer architectures that have been proposed to provide the control mechanism that enables an intelligent tutoring system to decide what instructional action to perform next, i.e., discourse management networks and blackboards. The claim that an intelligent tutoring system controlled by a blackboard…

This report describes a two-phase study designed to (1) investigate the appropriate evaluation literature and develop a formative evaluation model; (2) investigate the formative evaluation procedures utilized by Advanced Systems Incorporated (ASI), a successful producer of training materials; (3) develop a model based upon these procedures; and…

Presents papers on four different instructional development models currently in use either in a university or a business setting. All phases of systematic development are covered, including project selection, production, implementation, performance analysis, constraints, and unusual features that distinguish each model. References are listed. (BK)

Describes a process model that can be used for performance technology and discusses differences between it and an instructional technology process model. Five basic steps are examined: needs assessment/analysis; design; development; implementation; and evaluation. An instructional technology/performance technology process comparison matrix is also…

This paper is intended to provide the instructional technologist already possessing some understanding of expert systems with some insight into two of the many steps involved in the design and production of such systems: knowledge acquisition and knowledge structuring or representation. It is also intended to help technologists to see how they…

Reviews four different approaches to evaluation--decision-oriented, applied research, value-oriented, and systems-oriented--and suggests how each may be applied to the evaluation of instructional programs. Nine references are listed. (Author/CHC)

This study compared media selection decisions novice instructional developers make when using an intuitive selection approach versus Reiser and Gagne's formal selection procedure. Formal selection procedure use results in media selection choices matching those of experienced developers, and more selection factors are considered when novices…

This study was conducted to determine the effects of instruction on using a formal media selection procedure on the media selection choices made by novice instructional designers. Twenty-nine male and female graduate students enrolled in a media design course at Arizona State University participated in the study. Media design problems were used…

Many non-speech faculty lack adequate training in oral communication instruction, thus creating a major obstacle to developing programs of oral communication across the curriculum (OCXC). OCXC programs have attempted to ameliorate this problem by providing training programs or consulting/training (CONTRA) programs for non-speech faculty. The…