The purpose of this Executive Position Paper (EPP) is to develop a model for improving the online training modules utilized by a mid-Atlantic Residence Life department. The complexity of the Residence Life staff positions, coupled with demands from other university departments and the need to provide as much information as possible, resulted in an…

Proposes that a model of conflict resolution based on communication theory constitutes an effective approach to the learning of skills in conflict management. In this framework, it may become possible to change negative perceptions through cognitive processes as a basis for acquisition of conflict resolution skills. (Author/JAC)

Discusses a cognitive approach to instructional design (ID) and how practitioners can design training differently using this approach; explains how the behavioral approach is different from the cognitive approach; describes how learning occurs and various categories of knowledge; and presents a model for a well-designed lesson based on cognitive…

Learners are able to use 2 different types of knowledge to perform a skill. One type is a conscious mental model, and the other is based on memories of instances. The authors conducted 3 experiments that manipulated training conditions designed to affect the availability of 1 or both types of knowledge about an artificial grammar. Participants…

Proposes an instructional design model which bridges the gap between the cognitive psychology and instructional design field. The model predicts when learning of task components will occur and suggests which components of a task should receive training. The proposed decomposition model guides task analysis when designing instruction of…

This technical report has two purposes. One purpose is to present an end product of a multi-year research investigation into the cognitive skills involved in performing intelligence analysis. The product is a "Handbook for Strategic Intelligence Analysis" developed for the United States Army Intelligence and Threat Analysis Center…

This article describes a training design to help counselor trainees perceive the positive and negative messages in a client's internal dialog. Twenty graduate counselors-in-training produced 2 10-minute interviews with simultaneous feedback from an anticounselor (gives explicit negative messages) and a procounselor (gives explicit positive…

Discusses a cognitive-social learning model of social skills training to assist young children to greater levels of peer acceptance. Details the model's three components: enhancing skill concepts, promoting skill performance, and fostering skill maintenance and generalization. Emphasizes that trainers must understand the model as well as the…

The article describes the neurolinguistic programing model and applies it to teaching orientation and mobility skills to congenitally blind students, who have access to only the auditory and kinesthetic primary systems. Understanding the effects on thought of limited representational systems can help trainers teach more effective cane or dog guide…

Discusses the contributions that cognitive psychology can make to the development of instructional designs and systems. Instructional design models for training and educational applications are described, potentials of cognitive engineering are reviewed, and possibilities for improved instructional design are presented, including objectives, kinds…

Discusses counselor trainee anxiety and concludes that this anxiety has a cognitive or a self-talk component which increases the counselor's focus on self-evaluative thinking. A method based on cognitive behavior modification literature is presented to reduce trainee anxiety and increase concentration on client verbalization. (Author/JAC)

Discussion of cognitive apprenticeships highlights a computer-based coached practice environment called SHERLOCK that was developed for Air Force technicians. Training for complex skills is discussed, comparisons are made between results with SHERLOCK and results with apprenticeship models that have human coaches, and possible future enhancements…

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the parents' role in their child's visual guidance program, the philosophies behind the program, and the teacher's responsibility to child vision. The first chapter, on parent involvement, instructs them to provide an environment to stimulate intellectual growth and stresses the importance of the…

This book explores the conceptual and historical bases for examining creativity, cognitive functioning and creativity, cultural influences on creativity, research methodologies for examining creativity, assessment of creativity, and effectiveness of major creativity training models. Chapters include: (1) "Issues in Studying Creativity in Youth"…

This study examines the effect of the "Technical Troubleshooting Tutor," a computer-coached training program, on aircraft electrical system troubleshooting. Performance ability differences between control groups are noted, and troubleshooting models and flow diagram examples are included. The study demonstrates the possibilities for…