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Schlesinger, Matthew; McMurray, Bob – Cognitive Development, 2012
Does modeling matter? We address this question by providing a broad survey of the computational models of cognitive development that have been proposed and studied over the last three decades. We begin by noting the advantages and limitations of computational models. We then describe four key dimensions across which models of development can be…
Descriptors: Computation, Models, Cognitive Development, Taxonomy
Kello, Christopher T. – Psychological Review, 2013
It is now well-established that intrinsic variations in human neural and behavioral activity tend to exhibit scaling laws in their fluctuations and distributions. The meaning of these scaling laws is an ongoing matter of debate between isolable causes versus pervasive causes. A spiking neural network model is presented that self-tunes to critical…
Descriptors: Cognitive Science, Scaling, Neurological Organization, Cognitive Processes
Rhodes, William – Evaluation Review, 2010
Regressions that control for confounding factors are the workhorse of evaluation research. When treatment effects are heterogeneous, however, the workhorse regression leads to estimated treatment effects that lack behavioral interpretations even when the selection on observables assumption holds. Regressions that use propensity scores as weights…
Descriptors: Evaluation Research, Computation, Evaluators, Regression (Statistics)
Hung, Lai-Fa – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 2011
The process-component approach has become quite popular for examining many psychological concepts. A typical example is the model with internal restrictions on item difficulty (MIRID) described by Butter (1994) and Butter, De Boeck, and Verhelst (1998). This study proposes a hierarchical generalized random-situation random-weight MIRID. The…
Descriptors: Markov Processes, Computer Software, Psychology, Computation
Marcovitch, Stuart; Zelazo, Philip David – Developmental Science, 2009
The hierarchical competing systems model (HCSM) provides a framework for understanding the emergence and early development of executive function--the cognitive processes underlying the conscious control of behavior--in the context of search for hidden objects. According to this model, behavior is determined by the joint influence of a…
Descriptors: Object Permanence, Cognitive Processes, Models, Child Development
Vallejo, G.; Fernandez, M. P.; Livacic-Rojas, P. E.; Tuero-Herrero, E. – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 2011
Missing data are a pervasive problem in many psychological applications in the real world. In this article we study the impact of dropout on the operational characteristics of several approaches that can be easily implemented with commercially available software. These approaches include the covariance pattern model based on an unstructured…
Descriptors: Personality Problems, Psychosis, Prevention, Patients
Holden, Jocelyn E.; Kelley, Ken – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2010
Classification procedures are common and useful in behavioral, educational, social, and managerial research. Supervised classification techniques such as discriminant function analysis assume training data are perfectly classified when estimating parameters or classifying. In contrast, unsupervised classification techniques such as finite mixture…
Descriptors: Discriminant Analysis, Classification, Computation, Behavioral Science Research
Solanas, Antonio; Manolov, Rumen; Onghena, Patrick – Behavior Modification, 2010
The current study proposes a new procedure for separately estimating slope change and level change between two adjacent phases in single-case designs. The procedure eliminates baseline trend from the whole data series before assessing treatment effectiveness. The steps necessary to obtain the estimates are presented in detail, explained, and…
Descriptors: Simulation, Computation, Models, Behavioral Science Research
Williams, Jason; MacKinnon, David P. – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2008
Recent advances in testing mediation have found that certain resampling methods and tests based on the mathematical distribution of 2 normal random variables substantially outperform the traditional "z" test. However, these studies have primarily focused only on models with a single mediator and 2 component paths. To address this limitation, a…
Descriptors: Intervals, Testing, Predictor Variables, Effect Size
Caplan, Jeremy B.; Glaholt, Mackenzie G.; McIntosh, Anthony R. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2006
Paired associates and serial list memory are typically investigated separately. An "isolation principle" (J. B. Caplan, 2005) was proposed to explain behavior in both paradigms by using a single model, in which serial list and paired associates memory differ only in how isolated pairs of items are from interference from other studied items. In…
Descriptors: Memory, Computation, Cognitive Processes, Experiments
Zhang, Zhiyong; Nesselroade, John R. – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 2007
Dynamic factor models have been used to analyze continuous time series behavioral data. We extend 2 main dynamic factor model variations--the direct autoregressive factor score (DAFS) model and the white noise factor score (WNFS) model--to categorical DAFS and WNFS models in the framework of the underlying variable method and illustrate them with…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Computation, Simulation, Behavioral Science Research
Duncan, Terry E.; Duncan, Susan C. – Behavior Therapy, 2004
Over the past 3 decades we have witnessed an increase in the complexity of theoretical models that attempt to explain development in a number of behavioral domains. The conceptual movement to examine behavior from both developmental and contextual perspectives parallels recent methodological advances in the analysis of change. These new analysis…
Descriptors: Models, Research Methodology, Behavioral Science Research, Developmental Stages