The general problem of measuring the association between an independent nominal-scaled variable X and a dependent variable Y whose scale of measurement may be interval, ordinal, or nominal is discussed. (Author/RC)

The U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences has developed a wide range of statistical models to test hypotheses generated in relation to an equally wide range of measurement and evaluation situations. The randomized block (RB) design has traditionally been a preferred model for much psychological research. The RB has…

Variance reduction analysis is a simple method for determining the effect of inequality of cell size on analysis of variance calculations. The suggested procedure has three steps. (Author/CK)

There are few existing or widely known measures of agreement applicable when data is nominal or categorical. Most such coefficients are applicable only when judges classify objects or subjects into a single category. A wider range of applications, including those where judges (1) place probabilities on subjects belonging to mutually exclusive and…

The results of an extensive analysis of the statistical methodology employed by researchers whose manuscripts were published in the first twelve volumes of the "Educational Administration Quarterly" are reported. (Author)

Demonstrates how different experimental designs arise from variation of three basic distinctions: block versus treatment factors, fixed versus random factors, and crossed versus nested factors. Argues that understanding how these distinctions influence statistical analysis can reduce amount of experimental design. Presents an example of this by…

Joreskog's general method for analysis of covariance structures was developed for estimating a model involving structures of a very general form on means, variances, and covariances of multivariate observations. This method achieves a great deal of generality and flexibility, in that it is capable of handling most standard statistical models as…

Texts often suggest running preliminary tests for homogeneity of variance prior to running an ANOVA. While it has been known for some time that most of the suggested tests are probably not appropriate, they are still being used. This paper is a review of the literature in terms of the implications involved in running preliminary tests in general…

Research carried out at the Stanford Center for Research and Development in Teaching (Stanford University), pursuant to a contract with the U.S. Office of Education under the provisions of the Cooperative Research Program.

A theoretical model is developed for analysis of intervention effects in multiple autocorrelated time-series which may be classified or blocked two ways. The intervention effect is estimated independently for each series. The estimates are then entered as observations in two-factor analysis of variance with one observation per cell, utilizing a…

The goal of this study was to construct from the available data a model for integrating the interrelated variables of participation into a consistent, theoretical framework which explained who participated in which activities and why they participated. The author sought to attain the goal by establishing two variable relationships to determine the…