Presents a five-level taxonomy classifying counseling problems in hierarchical order. Each level is composed of inappropriate behaviors, cognitions, or expectations. Discusses interrelated characteristics which decrease from the highest to the lowest level. Gives an example of the use of the taxonomy. (Author/RC)

This model of consultation is a process of highly structured consensus for decision making. The consultant provides a framework for generating plans and solutions. The weakest link in consultation appears to be research and evaluation. Infusing consulting interns and university professors into internal operations will result in better evaluation…

The Hawaiian problem-solving model can overcome barriers to the counseling process that result from counselor and client lack of familiarity with each other's motivations and expectations. The model also allows both counselor and client to be exposed to the culture of the other and consequently to learn about it. (Author)

Presents an emotional model that describes the sequence of emotions that occur when the expression of feelings is avoided or impossible and discusses its use in counseling Vietnam veterans. Describes prerequisite counseling skills and related information, based in part on personal experience and the comments of contemporary writers. (JAC)

The difference between constructive and destructive conflicts may be traced to the way in which they are managed. Third-party help is often utilized to achieve constructive conflict management. This article describes two models for conflict management consultation. Five guidelines are given for constructive conflict management. (Author/JEL)

Discusses social and medical parameters characterizing the incidence of adolescent pregnancy. Presents the Mayo Adolescent Parent Program model as an effective intervention for adolescents who opt to give birth. Program strengths include generation of peer support networks, utilization of counselors, and ongoing medical care. (WAS)

Describes a five-step method of conflict reduction suitable for use by practicing counselors. Presents the model in how-to-do-it fashion, supplementing it with illustrations. Describes reactions of eight counselors who used the model in 37 conflict cases. Presents responses of the persons involved in the conflicts. (Author)

This model stresses the special needs of professional skills required by the mental health consultant. The Caplanian Model describes case and administrative consultation. Consultee-centered approach aims to enhance the mental health skills of the participants. Consultee-client improvement is desirable but not the primary goal. (Author/MFD)

Consultation needs a sound basis for an integration of its parts in order to become a scientific discipline. Help givers have concentrated on specializing to the detriment of solidarity of consultation. Studying and evaluating consultation behavior results in a coherent and systematic basis for a consultation theory. (Author/MFD)

This triad of consulting models identifies the assumption upon which each rests. The consultant with adequate knowledge and self-insight will understand which model is appropriate to a given situation. The three models include: (1) purchase of expertise; (2) doctor-patient role; and (3) consultation process for problem solving. (Author/MFD)

Depression is an emotional dysfunction encountered daily by counselors. This author discusses a step by step behavioral paradigm developed specifically to be employed with moderately depressed persons not receiving sufficient positive reinforcement from their environment. (Author/MPJ)

Links internal personality differentiation to external patterns of interpersonal style. Suggests three basic styles in intimate relationships: apathy, reactivity, and conductivity. Discusses each style in detail. (RC)

Presents a framework and principles for counseling belligerent counselees, integrating moral reasoning and behavior contracting. Counselees move from the punishment stage to a trade-off and socially responsive stages through contracting aimed at improved behavior, recognizing that behavior causes consequences, inducing positive behavior through…

The model presented here is an assessment model. Once individuals have assessed their decision-making process, they have the necessary data as a base on which to plan behavior change. Their next step is to plan a course of action and implement it. (Author)

Programs to help people cope with critical life events should first help them identify what information is needed and then teach them the necessary skills. Unfamiliarity with potential information sources is the greatest barrier between the individual and the source of information. (JAC)