Student agency is a key feature in feedback practices. Student feedback agency is generally defined as students' active engagement in the feedback process. Its conceptualisation has evolved from individualistic views, through unidirectional structure-agency perspectives, to more socially oriented approaches. However, this commentary argues that…

Learning outcome modeling is a technical underpinning for the successful evaluation of learners' learning outcomes through computer-based assessments. In recent years, collaborative filtering approaches have gained popularity as a technique to model learners' item responses. However, how to model the temporal dependencies between item responses…

Student agency is often mentioned as a key feature of feedback practices. Commonly, the concept of agency is used to refer to students' active role in the process of seeking, receiving, generating and acting upon feedback information. However, the notion of what student agency means is often taken for granted and rarely elaborated. The feedback…

Latent class models with covariates are widely used for psychological, social, and educational research. Yet the fundamental identifiability issue of these models has not been fully addressed. Among the previous research on the identifiability of latent class models with covariates, Huang and Bandeen-Roche (Psychometrika 69:5-32, 2004) studied the…

Forced-choice (FC) measures have been widely used in many personality or attitude tests as an alternative to rating scales, which employ comparative rather than absolute judgments. Several response biases, such as social desirability, response styles, and acquiescence bias, can be reduced effectively. Another type of data linked with comparative…

Response time has started to play an increasingly important role in educational and psychological testing, which prompts many response time models to be proposed in recent years. However, response time modeling can be adversely impacted by aberrant response behavior. For example, test speededness can cause response time to certain items to deviate…

This software review discusses the capabilities of Stata to conduct item response theory modeling. The commands needed for fitting the popular one-, two-, and three-parameter logistic models are initially discussed. The procedure for testing the discrimination parameter equality in the one-parameter model is then outlined. The commands for fitting…

This study explores the usefulness of covariates on equating test scores from nonequivalent test groups. The covariates are captured by an estimated propensity score, which is used as a proxy for latent ability to balance the test groups. The objective is to assess the sensitivity of the equated scores to various misspecifications in the…

Through this point-of-departure paper we aim to prompt discussion and action around redesigning university learning to help students tackle climate-related challenges in a personally and societally meaningful way. We use the lens of assessment to draw attention to how discipline areas without an explicit environmental or climate science focus can…

This paper presents a mixture item response tree (IRTree) model for extreme response style. Unlike traditional applications of single IRTree models, a mixture approach provides a way of representing the mixture of respondents following different underlying response processes (between individuals), as well as the uncertainty present at the…

This note raises caution that a finding of a marked pseudo-guessing parameter for an item within a three-parameter item response model could be spurious in a population with substantial unobserved heterogeneity. A numerical example is presented wherein each of two classes the two-parameter logistic model is used to generate the data on a…

The application of machine learning (ML) has grown and is now used to enhance learning outcomes. In blended classroom settings, ML, emerging smartphones and wearable technologies are commonly used to improve teaching and learning. The combination of these advanced technologies and ML plays a crucial role in enhancing real-time feedback quality.…

The frequent practice of overall fit evaluation for latent variable models in educational and behavioral research is reconsidered. It is argued that since overall plausibility does not imply local plausibility and is only necessary for the latter, local misfit should be considered a sufficient condition for model rejection, even in the case of…

Students generate internal feedback by comparing their current knowledge against some reference information. That information might be planned for by teachers -- usually as comments on students' performance -- although most information is accessed by students themselves during task engagement, from their interactions with others, with resources…

Despite the importance of feedback uptake in higher education, there is still much to be learned about supporting it. Recent perspectives hold that guiding learners through feedback uptake-oriented activities may also help them to develop feedback literacy. However, due to the acceleration of digitisation trends in higher education, there is an…