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Download full textAbedalaziz, Nabeel; Leng, Chin Hai – Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2013
Most of the tests and inventories used by counseling psychologists have been developed using CTT; IRT derives from what is called latent trait theory. A number of important differences exist between CTT- versus IRT-based approaches to both test development and evaluation, as well as the process of scoring the response profiles of individual…
Descriptors: Test Theory, Item Response Theory, Difficulty Level, Models
Direct linkYli-Piipari, Sami; Kokkonen, Juha – Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 2014
The study examined the role of motivation in students' performance and engagement in elementary and middle school physical education. Cross-lagged relationships between performance and engagement were investigated across Grades 6-9. A total of 763 (365 girls, 398 boys) Finnish school students (11- to 12-year old) were followed across three years.…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Students, Middle School Students, Expectation
