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Direct linkGrimberg, Bruna Irene; Hand, Brian – International Journal of Science Education, 2009
The purpose of this study was to reconstruct writers' reasoning process as reflected in their written texts. The codes resulting from the text analysis were related to cognitive operations, ranging from simple to more sophisticated ones. The sequence of the cognitive operations as the text unfolded represents the writer's cognitive pathway at the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Content Analysis, Grade 7, Middle School Students
Peer reviewedPrain, Vaughan; Hand, Brian – Teaching and Teacher Education, 1996
Presents an overview of claims and counterclaims in the debate over the kinds of writing tasks that enable secondary students to learn about science and demonstrate scientific understanding. Constructivist views on language and learning are examined, and a model is proposed to guide writing for learning in secondary science. (SM)
Descriptors: Constructivism (Learning), Higher Education, Models, Preservice Teacher Education
