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Theoretical Convergence in Assessment of Cognition
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Bowden, Stephen C. – Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 2013
In surveying the literature on assessment of cognitive abilities in adults and children, it is easy to assume that the proliferation of test batteries and terminology reflects a poverty of unifying models. However, the lack of recognition accorded good models of cognitive abilities may reflect inattention to theoretical development and injudicious…
Descriptors: Intelligence Tests, Intelligence, Adults, Children
Children with ADHD Symptoms Show Decreased Activity in Ventral Striatum during the Anticipation of Reward, Irrespective of ADHD Diagnosis
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van Hulst, Branko M.; de Zeeuw, Patrick; Bos, Dienke J.; Rijks, Yvonne; Neggers, Sebastiaan F. W.; Durston, Sarah – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2017
Background: Changes in reward processing are thought to be involved in the etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as other developmental disorders. In addition, different forms of therapy for ADHD rely on reinforcement principles. As such, improved understanding of reward processing in ADHD could eventually lead to…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Task Analysis, Reinforcement, Therapy
Technical and Practical Issues in the Structure and Clinical Invariance of the Wechsler Scales: A Rejoinder to Commentaries
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Weiss, Lawrence G.; Keith, Timothy Z.; Zhu, Jianjun; Chen, Hsinyi – Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 2013
This discussion article addresses issues related to expansion of the Wechsler model from four to five factors; multiple broad CHC abilities measured by the Arithmetic subtest; advantages and disadvantages of including complex tasks requiring integration of multiple broad abilities when measuring intelligence; limitations of factor analysis, which…
Descriptors: Measures (Individuals), Intelligence Tests, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Neurological Organization
Evaluating the Predictive Impact of an Emergent Literacy Model on Dyslexia in Italian Children: A Four-Year Prospective Cohort Study
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Bigozzi, Lucia; Tarchi, Christian; Pezzica, Sara; Pinto, Giuliana – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2016
The strong differences in manifestation, prevalence, and incidence in dyslexia across languages invite studies in specific writing systems. In particular, the question of the role played by emergent literacy in opaque and transparent writing systems remains a fraught one. This research project tested, through a 4-year prospective cohort study, an…
Descriptors: Emergent Literacy, Models, Predictor Variables, Dyslexia
Does Growth in Working Memory Span or Executive Processes Predict Growth in Reading and Math in Children with Reading Disabilities?
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Jerman, Olga; Reynolds, Chandra; Swanson, H. Lee – Learning Disability Quarterly, 2012
The present study investigated whether (a) growth patterns related to cognitive processing (working memory, updating, inhibition) differed in subgroups of children with reading disabilities (RD) and (b) growth in working memory (executive processing) predicted growth in other cognitive areas, such as reading and math. Seventy-three children (ages…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Inhibition, Short Term Memory, Decoding (Reading)
Subtyping of Children with Developmental Dyslexia via Bootstrap Aggregated Clustering and the Gap Statistic: Comparison with the Double-Deficit Hypothesis
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King, Wayne M.; Giess, Sally A.; Lombardino, Linda J. – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2007
Background: The marked degree of heterogeneity in persons with developmental dyslexia has motivated the investigation of possible subtypes. Attempts have proceeded both from theoretical models of reading and the application of unsupervised learning (clustering) methods. Previous cluster analyses of data obtained from persons with reading…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Reading Difficulties, Models, Databases