Item responses of two samples each of 622 normal and 573 educable mentally retarded children, 6 to 15 years of age, on Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices were submitted to a principal components analysis and varimax rotation. The following four factors were obtained: continuity and reconstruction of simple and complex structures, discrete…

Distinctions between psychological versus task helping and attempted versus achieved help were applied to the helping behaviors of normal and retarded children of 2 age groups observed in natural settings. (Authors)