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Balota, David A.; Neely, James H. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 1980
Undergraduates were induced to expect a recall or recognition test and then to remember a critical list consisting of both high-frequency and low-frequency words. Groups received either an expected or unexpected recall or recognition test. People expecting recall did better, especially with high-frequency words. (Author/RD)
Descriptors: Expectation, Higher Education, Incidental Learning, Intentional Learning
Meinke, Dean L.; And Others – 1982
Four separate experiments were completed using the same stimulus materials but different groups of subjects to determine if orienting tasks created problems of control in incidental/intentional learning studies. Subjects were all Caucasians and heterogeneous in age (from 24 to 64 years), educational experiences, and career choices. Those in the…
Descriptors: Educational Research, Incidental Learning, Intentional Learning, Language Processing
