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Showing 1 to 15 of 18 results Save | Export
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Otgaar, Henry; Howe, Mark L.; Brackmann, Nathalie; van Helvoort, Daniël H. J. – Developmental Psychology, 2017
We examined whether typical developmental trends in suggestion-induced false memories (i.e., age-related decrease) could be changed. Using theoretical principles from the spontaneous false memory field, we adapted 2 often-used false memory procedures: misinformation (Experiment 1) and memory conformity (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, 7- to…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Children, Adults, Memory
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Heusser, Andrew C.; Ezzyat, Youssef; Shiff, Ilana; Davachi, Lila – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Episodic memories are not veridical records of our lives, but rather are better described as organized summaries of experience. Theories and empirical research suggest that shifts in perceptual, temporal, and semantic information lead to a chunking of our continuous experiences into segments, or "events." However, the consequences of…
Descriptors: Mnemonics, Associative Learning, Memory, Cognitive Processes
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Lehman, Melissa; Karpicke, Jeffrey D. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
The elaborative retrieval account of retrieval-based learning proposes that retrieval enhances retention because the retrieval process produces the generation of semantic mediators that link cues to target information. We tested 2 assumptions that form the basis of this account: that semantic mediators are more likely to be generated during…
Descriptors: Semantics, Memory, Retention (Psychology), Cues
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Jorge A. Pinto,; Vogel, Edgar H.; Núñez, Daniel E. – Psicologica: International Journal of Methodology and Experimental Psychology, 2017
The learned predictiveness effect or LPE is the finding that when people learn that certain cues are reliable predictors of an outcome in an initial stage of training (phase 1), they exhibit a learning bias in favor of these cues in a subsequent training involving new outcomes (phase 2) despite all cues being equally reliable in phase 2. In…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Predictor Variables, Cues
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Carpenter, Alexis C.; Schacter, Daniel L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Episodic memory involves flexible retrieval processes that allow us to link together distinct episodes, make novel inferences across overlapping events, and recombine elements of past experiences when imagining future events. However, the same flexible retrieval and recombination processes that underpin these adaptive functions may also leave…
Descriptors: Memory, Recall (Psychology), Inferences, Accuracy
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Tong, Michelle T.; Kim, Tae-Young P.; Cleland, Thomas A. – Learning & Memory, 2018
Long-term fear memory formation in the hippocampus and neocortex depends upon brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling after acquisition. Incremental, appetitive odor discrimination learning is thought to depend substantially on the differentiation of adult-born neurons within the olfactory bulb (OB)--a process that is closely associated…
Descriptors: Memory, Olfactory Perception, Role, Animals
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Popp, Earl Y.; Serra, Michael J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Recent research suggests that human memory systems evolved to remember animate things better than inanimate things. In the present experiments, we examined whether these effects occur for both free recall and cued recall. In Experiment 1, we directly compared the effect of animacy on free recall and cued recall. Participants studied lists of…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Memory, Recall (Psychology), Cues
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Bolton, Sorcha; Robinson, Oliver J. – Learning & Memory, 2017
Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health disorders, and daily transient feelings of anxiety (or "stress") are ubiquitous. However, the precise impact of both transient and pathological anxiety on higher-order cognitive functions, including short- and long-term memory, is poorly understood. A clearer understanding of the…
Descriptors: Trauma, Memory, Recognition (Psychology), Verbal Communication
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Jonker, Tanya R.; MacLeod, Colin M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Remembering the order of a sequence of events is a fundamental feature of episodic memory. Indeed, a number of formal models represent temporal context as part of the memory system, and memory for order has been researched extensively. Yet, the nature of the code(s) underlying sequence memory is still relatively unknown. Across 4 experiments that…
Descriptors: Memory, Recall (Psychology), Sequential Learning, Experiments
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Olszewska, Justyna M.; Reuter-Lorenz, Patricia A.; Munier, Emily; Bendler, Sara A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
False working memories readily emerge using a visual item-recognition variant of the converging associates task. Two experiments, manipulating study and test modality, extended prior working memory results by demonstrating a reliable false recognition effect (more false alarms to associatively related lures than to unrelated lures) within seconds…
Descriptors: Memory, Recognition (Psychology), Auditory Perception, Correlation
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Hamrick, Phillip – Language Learning, 2014
Humans are remarkably sensitive to the statistical structure of language. However, different mechanisms have been proposed to account for such statistical sensitivities. The present study compared adult learning of syntax and the ability of two models of statistical learning to simulate human performance: Simple Recurrent Networks, which learn by…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Role, Syntax, Computational Linguistics
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Hwu, Fenfang; Pan, Wei; Sun, Shuyan – Language Teaching Research, 2014
Finding the match between individuals and educational treatments is the aim of both educators and the aptitude-treatment interaction research paradigm. Using the latent growth curve analysis, the present study investigates the interaction between the type of explicit instructional approaches (deductive vs. explicit-inductive) and the level of…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Aptitude, Grammar, Teaching Methods
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Bugg, Julie M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
The conflict monitoring account posits that globally high levels of conflict trigger engagement of top-down control; however, recent findings point to the mercurial nature of top-down control in high conflict contexts. The current study examined the potential moderating effect of associative learning on conflict-triggered top-down control…
Descriptors: Conflict, Experimental Psychology, Associative Learning, Hypothesis Testing
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Pfenninger, Simone E. – Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 2011
This study examines evidence for the hypothesis (e.g., Muñoz, 2006) that an early starting age is not necessarily more beneficial to the successful learning of L2 inflectional morphology in strictly formal instructional settings. The present author investigated the quantitative and qualitative differences in the production and reception of 5…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Second Language Learning, Morphology (Languages), English (Second Language)
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Ash, Ivan K.; Jee, Benjamin D.; Wiley, Jennifer – Journal of Problem Solving, 2012
Gestalt psychologists proposed two distinct learning mechanisms. Associative learning occurs gradually through the repeated co-occurrence of external stimuli or memories. Insight learning occurs suddenly when people discover new relationships within their prior knowledge as a result of reasoning or problem solving processes that re-organize or…
Descriptors: Intuition, Learning Processes, Metacognition, Associative Learning
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