The purpose of this study was to compare three variables in terms of how well they predict orthographic functioning. To this end, the authors examined the relative contributions of rapid automatic naming, exposure to print, and visual processing to a composite measure of orthographic functioning in a heterogeneous group of 8- to 12-year-old…

Examines and rejects two traditional assumptions about fluent reading: that identification of letters is necessary to identify words; and that identification of words is necessary to comprehend. Proposes that identification and comprehension are two separate tasks and that a reader comprehends because he reads for meaning in the first place. (MB)

To investigate the underlying factors of visual discrimination, memory, rule abstraction, language, and serial ordering in reading success, 79 poor and 65 good deaf readers were administered a battery of tests. Poor readers were deficient in lower-order visual discrimination and memory abilities; higher-order visual discrimination skills were…