Reading achievement tests have been used to identify deficiencies in inner city, poor readers; however, they often do not provide information about encoding strategies which lead some children to academic success. Immediate memory and visual analytic differences which contribute to the success of skilled readers are isolated in this study using 20…

Whether a developmental dissociation exists between direct and indirect tests of picture memory was studied using 29 second graders and 29 sixth graders given a 1-day retention interval. Sixth graders performed better than second graders when memory was tested directly, but the performance of both groups was comparable when memory was tested…