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Storkel, Holly L.; Komesidou, Rouzana; Fleming, Kandace K.; Romine, Rebecca Swinburne – Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 2017
Purpose: The goal of this study was to provide guidance to clinicians on early benchmarks of successful word learning in an interactive book reading treatment and to examine how encoding and memory evolution during treatment contribute to word learning outcomes by kindergarten children with specific language impairment (SLI). Method: Twenty-seven…
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Preschool Children, Reading Aloud to Others, Acceleration (Education)
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Bray, Norman W.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1985
Use of strategies to eliminate interference from irrelevant information in memory was investigated for 11-, 15-, and 18-year-olds. A directed forgetting paradigm was introduced. Results suggest that 11-year-olds use adequate selective remembering strategy, but not selective rehearsal: most 15- and 18-year-olds did. (Author/DST)
Descriptors: Adolescent Development, Adolescents, Cognitive Processes, Learning Strategies
Snow, Richard E.; And Others – 1976
This pilot study investigated some relationships between tested ability variables and processing parameters obtained from memory search and visual search tasks. The 25 undergraduates who participated had also participated in a previous investigation by Chiang and Atkinson. A battery of traditional ability tests and several film tests were…
Descriptors: Aptitude, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Processes, Individual Differences
Cycowicz, Yael M.; And Others – 1994
Pictures are often used by cognitive psychologists to investigate the development of cognitive functions. Different attributes of the picture, such as object or picture familiarity, word frequency, and age of acquisition, are known to correlate with naming latency and to affect memory, particularly retrieval processes. But without the use of…
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes
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Ellis, Norman R.; Allison, Pamela – Intelligence, 1988
Ninety-six mildly mentally retarded persons and 96 nonretarded college students estimated the frequency of occurrence of words and pictures in a study test paradigm. Frequency estimates were equal for words, but the nonretarded subjects were superior in accuracy on pictorial items. This finding points to an encoding deficiency attributed to…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, College Students, Encoding (Psychology), Memory
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Ellis, Norman R.; Boyd, Bruce D. – Intelligence, 1982
A novelty preference method was used to examine memory processes in retarded persons. Recognition memory as indexed by novel looking declined over the retention interval. Since memory is being inferred from response preferences which reflect an induced motivational state, satiation, the relationship between this state and memory must be…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Memory, Mental Retardation, Motivation
Kunen, Seth; And Others – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 1979
The spread of encoding concept was tested visually by having subjects view pictures which varied in contour completeness. The hypothesis was supported that as contour completeness decreased, the amount of perceptual analysis and memory performance would increase. (Author/MH)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Early Childhood Education, Higher Education, Memory
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Cory, Charles H.; And Others – Applied Psychological Measurement, 1977
A battery of Graphic Information Processing Tests (GRIP) was developed to utilize the display characteristics of computer terminals in measuring abilities important for processing visually presented information. The tests were found to be useful for measuring short-term memory and sequential reasoning abilities. (Author/RC)
Descriptors: Ability, Cognitive Processes, Computer Assisted Testing, Computer Graphics
Simcox, William A. – 1983
This investigation of cognitive effort begins with a review of cognitive principles relating to memory and graphic encoding of information. The cognitive framework described allows explanation of improved memory due to reparsing of graphic representations. It also provides the basis for optimizing graphical material design to insure best retention…
Descriptors: Adults, Cognitive Processes, Graphs, Mathematics
Berry, Louis H. – 1977
This study investigated the effects of color cues as well as the absence of such cues on the recognition of visual images using as subjects 28 college students in a basic communications course. The stimulus materials were slides in three categories: (1) original color (realistic), (2) black and white, and (3) non-realistic color format. Subjects…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, College Students, Color, Experiments
Asp, Susan; And Others – 1979
This study indicates that the way in which stories are presented to children (verbal versus pictorial) makes little or no difference in the children's comprehension or recall of the stories. Ninety-six kindergarten and second grade children either looked at a series of pictures (and were told they formed a story) or listened to the story through a…
Descriptors: Children, Cognitive Processes, Comprehension, Discourse Analysis
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Jackson, Mark D.; McClelland, James L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 1979
Two groups of undergraduates differing in reading ability were tested on a number of reaction-time tasks designed to determine the speed of encoding visual information at several different levels, tests of sensory functions, verbal and quantitative reasoning ability, short-term auditory memory span, and ability to comprehend spoken text.…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Higher Education, Letters (Alphabet), Listening Comprehension
Snowman, Jack – 1979
This study assessed the effects of bizarreness, prompt modality, and prompt type for 144 five and eight year-old children on recognition memory of pictorial pairs. Presentation of stimuli was self-paced, allowing for the collection of study time and response latency data, as well as recording number correct. While both bizarre and nonbizarre forms…
Descriptors: Association (Psychology), Cognitive Processes, Cues, Elementary School Students
Ekstrom, Ruth B.; And Others – Multivariate Behavioral Research Monographs, 1979
This summarizes a study designed to provide a basis for researchers who study measurable areas of human performance or attempt to conceptualize and develop a theory and structure of abilities. Specifically, this study was directed toward the identification of tests that can serve as markers for well established cognitive factors. (Author/CTM)
Descriptors: Aptitude Tests, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Tests