A steady stream of research has shown that many elementary school teachers have weak mathematical knowledge in some areas, including place value and fractions. Since a teacher's mathematical knowledge affects their students' performance, improving elementary school teachers' knowledge is critical. A better understanding of the mathematical…

In this paper we present a versatile technique to solve several types of solvable quintic equations. In the technique described here, the given quintic is first converted to a sextic equation by adding a root, and the resulting sextic equation is decomposed into two cubic polynomials as factors in a novel fashion. The resultant cubic equations are…

A triple (x,y,z) of natural numbers is called a Primitive Pythagorean Triple (PPT) if it satisfies two conditions: (1) x[squared] + y[squared] = z[squared]; and (2) x, y, and z have no common factor other than one. All the PPT's are given by the parametric equations: (1) x = m[squared] - n[squared]; (2) y = 2mn; and (3) z = m[squared] +…

Described is an experience in assigning mathematics problems that have been purposefully selected from professional journals to assist upper level college mathematics students in developing confidence in their ability to contribute published solutions. Several examples are included. (JJK)

The sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, ..., known as Fibonacci sequence, has a long history and special importance in mathematics. This sequence came about as a solution to the famous rabbits' problem posed by Fibonacci in his landmark book, "Liber abaci" (1202). If the "n"th term of Fibonacci sequence is denoted by [f][subscript n], then it may…

In the seventh century, around 650 A.D., the Indian mathematician Brahmagupta came up with a remarkable formula expressing the area E of a cyclic quadrilateral in terms of the lengths a, b, c, d of its sides. In his formula E = [square root](s-a)(s-b)(s-c)(s-d), s stands for the semiperimeter 1/2(a+b+c+d). The fact that Brahmagupta's formula is…

Describes a beginning algebra course that places stronger emphasis on learning to solve problems and introduces topics using real world applications. Students learn estimating, graphing, and algebraic algorithms for the purpose of solving problems. Indicates that applications motivate students by appearing to be a more relevant topic as well as…

Annotated are questionnaire responses from 88 state and regional contest supervisors concerning trends in calculator usage and nonusage among 59 represented mathematical contests. Discussed are advantages and disadvantages for specific contest problem types with respect to both pencil-and-paper and calculator methods of solution. (JJK)

For those instructors lacking artistic skills, teaching 3-dimensional calculus can be a challenge. Although some instructors spend a great deal of time working on their illustrations, trying to get them just right, students nevertheless often have a difficult time understanding some of them. To address this problem, the author has written a series…

In this article, the author takes up the special trinomial (1 + x + x[squared])[superscript n] and shows that the coefficients of its expansion are entries of a Pascal-like triangle. He also shows how to calculate these entries recursively and explicitly. This article could be used in the classroom for enrichment. (Contains 1 table.)

Presented is an activity where students determine the multiplication tables of groups of small order. How this can be used to help develop an understanding of the concept of group isomorphism is explained. (KR)

The author discusses the definition of the ordinary points and the regular singular points of a homogeneous linear ordinary differential equation (ODE). The material of this note can find classroom use as enrichment material in courses on ODEs, in particular, to reinforce the unit on the Existence-Uniqueness Theorem for solutions of initial value…

We examine the behavior of the curvature function associated with most common families of functions and curves, with the focus on establishing where maximum curvature occurs. Many examples are included for student illustrations. (Contains 18 figures.)

Presents "Project Solve," a web-based problem-solving instruction and guided practice for mathematical word problems. Discusses implications for college students for whom reading and comprehension of mathematical word problem solving are difficult, especially learning disabled students. (Author/KHR)

Although the phase plane can be plotted and analyzed using an appropriate software package, the author found it worthwhile to engage the students with the theorem and the two proofs. The theorem is a powerful tool that provides insight into the rotational behavior of the phase plane diagram in a simple way: just check the signs of c and [alpha].…