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Showing all 14 results Save | Export
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Luo, Yong; Jiao, Hong – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2018
Stan is a new Bayesian statistical software program that implements the powerful and efficient Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm. To date there is not a source that systematically provides Stan code for various item response theory (IRT) models. This article provides Stan code for three representative IRT models, including the…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Item Response Theory, Probability, Computer Software
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Keller, Bryan S. B.; Kim, Jee-Seon; Steiner, Peter M. – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2013
Propensity score analysis (PSA) is a methodological technique which may correct for selection bias in a quasi-experiment by modeling the selection process using observed covariates. Because logistic regression is well understood by researchers in a variety of fields and easy to implement in a number of popular software packages, it has…
Descriptors: Probability, Scores, Statistical Analysis, Statistical Bias
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Phelps, James L. – Educational Considerations, 2012
In most school achievement research, the relationships between achievement and explanatory variables follow the Newton and Einstein concept/principle and the viewpoint of the macro-observer: Deterministic measures based on the mean value of a sufficiently large number of schools. What if the relationships between achievement and explanatory…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Computation, Probability, Statistics
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Yildirim, Huseyin H.; Yildirim, Selda – Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 2011
Multivariate matching in Differential Item Functioning (DIF) analyses may contribute to understand the sources of DIF. In this context, detecting appropriate additional matching variables is a crucial issue. This present article argues that the variables which are correlated with communalities in item difficulties can be used as an additional…
Descriptors: Test Bias, Multivariate Analysis, Probability, Regression (Statistics)
Schumacker, Randall E.; Fluke, Rickey – 1991
Three methods of factor analyzing dichotomously scored item performance data were compared using two raw score data sets of 20-item tests, one reflecting normally distributed latent traits and the other reflecting uniformly distributed latent traits. This comparison was accomplished by using phi and tetrachoric correlations among dichotomous data…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Equations (Mathematics), Estimation (Mathematics), Factor Analysis
Abranovic, Wynn A.
Two basic issues are discussed that involve the Carver model of the relationship between test score and knowledge. The first of these concerns different types of tests which have different probabilities of obtaining the correct answer due to guessing. A derivation is shown which places different test types "on-a-par"--meaning that two tests are…
Descriptors: Guessing (Tests), Knowledge Level, Mathematical Models, Multiple Choice Tests
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Harwell, Michael R.; Baker, Frank B. – Applied Psychological Measurement, 1991
Previous work on the mathematical and implementation details of the marginalized maximum likelihood estimation procedure is extended to encompass the marginalized Bayesian procedure for estimating item parameters of R. J. Mislevy (1986) and to communicate this procedure to users of the BILOG computer program. (SLD)
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Equations (Mathematics), Estimation (Mathematics), Item Response Theory
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Arnold, Barry C.; And Others – Psychometrika, 1993
Inference is considered for the marginal distribution of "X" when ("X", "Y") has a truncated bivariate normal distribution. The "Y" variable is truncated, but only the "X" values are observed. A sample of 87 Otis test scores is shown to be well described by this model. (SLD)
Descriptors: Admission (School), Computer Simulation, Equations (Mathematics), Mathematical Models
Moore, William E. – 1970
The previous theoretical development of the Poisson process as a strong model for the true-score theory of mental tests is discussed, and additional theoretical properties of the model from the standpoint of individual examinees are developed. The paper introduces the Erlang process as a family of test theory models and shows in the context of…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Goodness of Fit, Grade 10, Mathematical Models
Steinheiser, Frederick, Jr. – 1975
Summarizing work which is part of an Army research program on Methodological Issues in the Construction of Criterion Referenced Tests, the focus of this paper is on a Bayesian model, which gives the probability of correctly classifying an examiner as a master or as a nonmaster while taking into consideration the test length and the mastery cut-off…
Descriptors: Ability, Achievement, Bayesian Statistics, Classification
Lord, Frederic M. – 1971
Some stochastic approximation procedures are considered in relation to the problem of choosing a sequence of test questions to accurately estimate a given examinee's standing on a psychological dimension. Illustrations are given evaluating certain procedures in a specific context. (Author/CK)
Descriptors: Academic Ability, Adaptive Testing, Computer Programs, Difficulty Level
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And Others; Hambleton, Ronald K. – Review of Educational Research, 1978
Topics concerning latent trait theory are addressed: (1) dimensionality of latent space, local independence, and item characteristic curves; (2) models--equations, parameter estimation, testing assumptions, and goodness of fit, (3) applications test developments, item bias, tailored testing and equating; and (4) advantages over classical…
Descriptors: Ability, Bayesian Statistics, Goodness of Fit, Item Analysis
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Orvis, Bruce R.; Gahart, Martin T. – 1989
As part of the military recruiting effort, the Department of Defense sponsors surveys of the national youth population to help design recruiting and advertising strategies. This report develops and applies a method of using the information contained in national youth surveys to estimate the probability that respondents taking the Armed Forces…
Descriptors: Aptitude Tests, Armed Forces, Estimation (Mathematics), Evaluation Utilization
International Association for Development of the Information Society, 2012
The IADIS CELDA 2012 Conference intention was to address the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes and supporting pedagogies and applications in the digital age. There had been advances in both cognitive psychology and computing that have affected the educational arena. The convergence of these two disciplines is increasing at a…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Academic Persistence, Academic Support Services, Access to Computers