The authors illustrate three basic types of reasoning used in mathematics by showing how they operate in practical and mathematical situations. The importance and function of the different types of reasoning in each situation is outlined. As a consequence the authors note that while introducing new techniques by example is good from a pedagogical…

This study presents a content analysis of the new Iranian Grade 9 mathematics textbook and two Australian Year 9 mathematics textbooks, examining the extent to which the problems show characteristics associated in the literature with promoting mathematical literacy. The new Iranian book was produced to meet a range of needs including several well…

Explored are responses of students aged 9 to 13 to linear generalizing problems from both a technical and strategic point of view. The methods commonly used were the same in all age groups and across all three questions, although some students choosing each model varied. (YP)