This reflective commentary by the author of EC 607 584 points out that discussion about inclusion of students with severe disabilities should focus on how it may address the contextually complex variables that support effective instruction for all students. Teachers should be given the flexibility to implement curricula that result in different…

This study examined effects of a child's diagnosis (autism vs. Down syndrome), age, and current educational placement on parental perceptions toward inclusion. Parents of Down Syndrome children tended to endorse full-time inclusion, whereas parents of children with autism endorsed part-time mainstreaming. Parents of younger children and parents of…

This article considers the different ways that the United Kingdom's government, teachers, and academics think about inclusion. A working definition of inclusion is presented based on a system of values and indicators of inclusion for students with deafness, along with examples of practice. (Contains references.) (Author/CR)

Through technology, students with disabilities are identifying new options for participation, exerting more control, making more choices, and interacting more effectively. Inclusion, as a policy and as a practice, is reducing the physical and social isolation encountered by individuals and families, broadening expectations, reducing limits, and…

This paper describes the development and establishment of an inclusive education program on a junior high school campus. Although this is the documentation of secondary programming, with an emphasis on severe disabilities, these "phases" can be generalized to other program areas and levels of education. During phase I, a functional,…

This paper reviews the concept of integration, identifies present practices in Alberta (Canada), and describes related issues and trends. Terms are clarified, current initiatives are outlined, the effectiveness of integration is discussed, and the legal and judicial context is examined. The North American experience with integration is briefly…

This booklet contains an outline of, and recommendations based on, a study of 128 New Zealand children in special groups mainstreamed into kindergartens and play groups. Research goals were to explore how mainstreaming had been implemented, whether special group children were profiting from the environment's educational opportunities, and whether…

Social relations data is an especially useful but often neglected means of obtaining information on the effects of social processes that are involved in educational interventions. A four-fold table conceptualizes educational interventions and their outcomes as consisting of social and academic interventions and their outcomes. This model…

This annotated bibliography lists 19 publications to help educators more effectively include students with disabilities in general education classrooms. The publications, including books, journal articles, videotapes, and reports, are dated from 1993 through 1999, and most are available through the ERIC (Educational Resources Information Center)…

Because the physically disabled student must adjust to his/her inclusion into a nonhandicapped environment and to large group instruction simultaneously, the preparation of inservice teachers and nonhandicapped students should acquaint them with the physical, psychosocial, and academic factors associated with handicaps. (JN)

Handicapped students have a right to participate in collegiate recreational programs, either on their present levels or on adapted levels. Programs should be flexible enough to adapt to a changing number of students and their recreational desires. (CJ)

Gypsy children have been disadvantaged in education by poor attendance and parental attitudes toward education and child rearing. The Portland Schools' Gypsy Education Project attempts the gradual mainstreaming of Gypsies into regular classrooms through special group instruction within a normal elementary school environment. (SK)

Chronicles the experiences and feelings of the authors, parents of a son who was blind from birth. It describes their encounters with the public educational system from kindergarten to college, concentrating on the boy's adolescent years, from middle school to college. Also discussed are mainstreaming, friendships, time management, contact with…

Analysis of data from direct observations of 12 special education teachers found that, compared to simply providing children with opportunities to play, consistent implementation of specific teaching, planning, and monitoring procedures to promote social interaction resulted in greater increases in children's interactions during free play.…

The paper reviews trends in the integration of young disabled children and proposes replacement of the traditional concept of least restrictive environment as a continuum of placement with a concept of integration opportunities determined by individual child needs, family needs, and community resources. The need for integrated service delivery…