Options open to librarians as an alternative to union membership are described; a review of ALA, NEA, AAUP, and other groups indicates the scope of their activities in the areas of negotiation and grievances.

Describes procedures for development of official standards affecting libraries, information services, and publishing, noting American National Standards, international standards, and UNESCO recommendations. De facto standard development (Library of Congress, International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions), and access and use of…

Describes a variety of institutions and groups that affect promulgation of library standards, including standards organizations (American National Standards Institute, International Organization for Standardization); library associations (American Library Association); national and international committees, government agencies (National Bureau of…