The fair use doctrine of copyright law is analyzed in view of its theoretical foundations. It is suggested that the foundation for building a legal defense around fair use must be that the particular use in question is, on the balance, in the greater public interest in developing science and useful art. (LBH)

The judicial doctrine of fair use is reviewed and an approach is suggested for making fair use determinations in court cases involving a copyright owner's exclusive rights. For journal availability see HE 509 045. (LBH)

A discussion of faculty photocopying of copyrighted course materials criticizes the overuse of the practice, outlines the fair-use provisions of the federal law, and reviews the results of a 1983 lawsuit involving New York University. (MSE)

The cases of Williams and Wilkins Co. v. United States and Duchess Music Corp. v. Stern are discussed as examples of unfair court interpretation of copyright law. The first concerns photocopying by NIH and the National Library of Medicine; the second, protection of rights in sound recordings. For journal availability see HE 508 824. (LBH)

The Classroom Guidelines for the Copyright Act of 1976, meant to help educators in photocopying, have been widely ignored. Educators who continue to produce and distribute custom-made anthologies are inviting publisher litigation. However, the guidelines could be renegotiated to benefit both educators and publishers. (Author/MSE)

A clear description of what educators, administrators, or students may and may not copy under the various provisions of the Copyright Law Revision of 1976 is attempted, but the author concludes that the language of the law itself makes such a description impossible. (LBH)

Defines copyright, and discusses what a copyright protects, the five basic rights of a copyright owner, and the rights of the software program owner. Also discussed are other forms of educational software protection including trademarks, trade secrets and patents, and software usage, copy protection, and possible future developments. (MBR)

A lawsuit against Kinko's, a nationwide chain of photocopying stores, is expected to be filed soon. The target of the lawsuit is photocopied anthologies used by professors to supplement textbooks or to substitute for them altogether. There is evidence that anthologies have been produced without permission of copyright owners. (MLW)

Publishers are suing Kinko's Graphics Corporation for copyright violation, claiming that they illegally reproduced "substantial portions" of 12 books and included them in anthologies made for professors at Columbia University, the New School for Social Research, and New York University. Off campus copy shops represent a major threat to…

A suit instituted by nine publishers against New York University, alleging that photocopying and distribution of certain copyrighted course materials violated the Copyright Act, was settled in April 1983. The consent decree is published in its entirety in this article and should be followed by the higher education community. (MLF)

A federal court ruled that Kinko's Graphics Corporation, a national chain of photocopying stores, infringed on publishers' copyrights by reproducing excerpts from books and selling them in anthologies for college students. The firm was judged to be engaged in the publishing business and thus not covered under the law's provision of fair use for…

The "Texaco" copyright litigation resulted in new rules governing photocopying of journal articles in special libraries affiliated with for-profit enterprises. The federal court decisions in "Texaco" begin with the premise that research in those libraries serves a profit-seeking motive, and consequently the courts have…

Issues connected with copyright and the copying of published print materials are discussed in question and answer form for teachers in Alberta (Canada) schools. Twenty-five questions are answered. The Copyright Act gives the copyright owner, usually the author or publisher, the sole right to copy or permit someone to copy his or her work. It also…

Examines the moral dilemma teachers face in wishing to go outside the textbook and photocopy new and interesting reading material for their students while knowing that such actions prevent writers from profiting by their work. (JC)

Provisions and interpretations of federal copyright law directly relevant to photocopying for classroom or library reserve use and related issues are examined, along with a case study of use of scientific articles in a college classroom, approaches to the issue of multiple copying, and fair use. (MSE)