This paper employs the lenses of timescapes, themselves shaped by wider conceptions of time, to view evolving patterns of private supplementary tutoring around the world. Such tutoring is commonly called shadow education because much of its content mimics that in regular schooling: curriculum changes in the schools lead to related changes in the…

This Blueprint is a distillation of what the National Center on Education and the Economy (NCEE) has learned across nearly four decades of research and working shoulder-to-shoulder with partners to support education leaders and practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and community stakeholders to study, design, and build equitable,…