Self-regulated learning (SRL) is critical in online learning, and profiling learners' SRL patterns is needed to provide personalized support. However, little research has examined how each learner performs the cyclical phases of SRL based on trace data. To fill the gap, this study attempts to derive SRL profiles encompassing all cyclical phases of…

The past ten years have witnessed a tremendous increase in the number of online courses, and the COVID-19 pandemic suddenly accelerated online education. Many students and instructors were unprepared for online learning. In particular, online learners are expected to employ self-directed learning (SDL) skills to succeed. This qualitative study…

Self-regulated learning (SRL) is crucial for fostering lifelong learning skills in students, encompassing planning, monitoring, and controlling abilities. Previous research indicates that many students struggle to regulate their learning effectively. In the Netherlands, adaptive learning technologies are widely used to support math education in…

Teachers' self-efficacy in promoting self-regulated learning (TSE-SRL) is pivotal for self-regulated learning (SRL) practices. This study investigated the effects of mastery and vicarious experiences as sources of self-efficacy within a professional development (PD) program on TSE-SRL. Additionally, the moderating role of teachers' prior SRL…

The purpose of this study is to develop learning model of design thinking learning with a Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) approach to enhance autonomous learning in early writing and reading. This study conducted base on problems that exist in strategies for teaching early writing and reading in elementary schools and seek solutions that can…

Middle school teachers are being urged to involve students in inquiry learning to counter disengagement from learning common in this group. To do this, teachers need to develop students' self-directed learning (SDL) skills so they will be equipped to take responsibility for their learning. This study collected perspectives of four years 6 and 7…

During category learning, students struggle to create an optimal study order: They often study one category at a time (i.e., blocked practice) instead of alternating between different categories (i.e., interleaved practice). Several interventions to improve self-study of categorical learning have been proposed, but these interventions have only…

Much of the learning that college students engage in today occurs in unsupervised settings, making effective self-regulated learning techniques of particular importance. We examined the impact of task difficulty and supervision on whether participants would follow written instructions to use repeated testing over restudying. In Study 1, we found…

Learning a second language is a life-long process requiring acquaintance with a repertoire of language learning strategies (LLS). Despite copious research on LLS and their role in fostering autonomous learning, few studies have examined strategies employed when trying to master specific subsystems of the target language, especially grammar.…

Self-regulated learning has been frequently investigated and reported to be effective for second language education, so increasingly more researchers and educators have been interested in cultivating self-regulated second language learners. To assist researchers and educators, it appears beneficial to review previous studies concerning the…

Flipped instruction has garnered significant interest in higher education for its potential to enhance student motivation and self-regulated learning. This quasi-experimental study examined the impact of flipped teaching on motivation and self-directed learning attributes among 106 entrepreneurship students at universities in Taiwan. Students…

Classical conceptualisations of self-regulated learning typically ignore the role of teaching strategies in real-world classrooms. Therefore, the present exploratory study aimed to examine the different clusters of perceived teaching strategies and students' metacognitive knowledge and experiences, and motivation. The data came from 6365 (49.63%…

The flipped classroom model has gained prominence as advances in technology afford increasing opportunities for ubiquitous access to a variety of online resources. Despite the benefit of the flipped classroom model, flipped classrooms are not equally advantageous to all students due to its self-regulated nature. To address the issues in flipped…

Although self-directed learning is considered important in both educational practice and theory as a 21st century skill and as a means to motivate students, most teachers find it difficult to integrate self-directed learning into their practice. An instrumental case study was conducted to investigate how teachers at four innovative Dutch secondary…

The alternative learning system senior high school (ALS SHS) practiced flexible learning as its learning modality to give more opportunities and convenience making the program more inclusive and responsive to learners' needs. It also ensures that learners adhere to instructional competence and self-regulated learning (SRL). However, there is a…