Two experiments conducted to examine the methods that have been hypothesized to characterize the learning of paired associates. (Author/MM)

The thoughts and reflective methods of Alan Griffin are discussed. He was a Deweyan scholar and dealt with the necessary goals of the social studies in a democracy as they relate to the learning process, to the content, and to the teaching methods employed in social studies instruction. (PN)

Three experiments demonstrated (1) habituation and long-term retention of habituation to a tone stimulus in third-grade children, (2) specificity of habituation to an auditory stimulus in first- but not fifth-grade children, and (3) specificity of habituation in fifth-grade children in response suppression when a cross-modality stimulus change was…

Summarizes the work of "information processing" psychologists who study cognition and contends that intelligence consists of a set of developed thinking and learning skills that can, to some degree, be taught. Nine such skills are listed including problem identification and strategy selection. (Author/MLF)

Research in cognitive science is providing an increasingly detailed understanding of human cognition. Teachers can help students become conscious of their own reasoning processes and then learn to compare, contrast, interrelate, or coordinate various ways in which they think in order to refine their problem-solving methods. (Author/MLF)

New knowledge on the evolution of the brain helps to explain human behavior and learning patterns. Threat is implicit in our school system, according to the author, and this atmosphere severely inhibits full use of the New Mammalian brain. (Author/WD)

The article provides a rationale for the consideration of the processing differences of exceptional learners and discusses how these differences influence the development of the skills necessary for normal school achievement. (PHR)

Apparently contradictory findings regarding the locus of information processing differences between retarded and nonretarded persons were discussed. (Author)

The nature of the target designation process--which involves forming interassociated mental structures to allow retrieval of individual items of information--was studied. It was shown that visual imagery instructions improved target identification as well as word recognition but did not appear to affect the representational format. (Author/MH)

Reviews several development and research activities that were an out-growth of using cognitive theory to design CAI programs in spelling. A psychological theory of spelling performance was used as the conceptual basis for developing several instructional programs illustrating how a cognitive approach can strengthen lesson design strategies in CAI.…

Holds that young children are limited in their knowledge about cognitive phenomena ("metacognition") and do relatively little monitoring of their own memory, comprehension, and other cognitive enterprises. Proposes a model addressing the question of what adult-like knowledge and behavior might constitute metacognitive developmental targets toward…

Describes recent currents in psychological literature pertaining to the learning process, specifically the left and right hemispheres of the brain. Demonstrates how these psychological advances can help with economic analysis. (Author/KC)