The nature and specification of goals in teaching a group of concepts affect the type and quality of learning. What is learned is learned as a means to some end. Feedback from end to means regulates learning a given activity. The task or goal structure provided by the environment may play its most important role early in life and gradually decline…

Twenty-seven kindergarten subjects were trained on two different double classification matrix tasks to determine whether they were hierarchically related. Prior behavioral analyses had shown one task to be simpler than the other. It was assumed that, in hierarchical transfer relationships, one order of task acquisition is more favorable than…

Discusses service learning and presents models of instruction that academic libraries might offer to service learning pedagogy. Highlights include the role of information literacy; reflection; affective and cognitive learning outcomes of service learning; impact of service learning on libraries; learning process model; course objectives model;…

This paper examines and summarizes the "Pierce-Gray Classification Model for the Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor Domains," a model developed for the classification of educational objectives. The classification system was developed to provide a framework that teachers could use as a guide when developing specific instructional objectives for…

The development of a field-based approach to the validation of behavioral competencies for young children which reflect the theories of Bloom, Gagne, and Briggs is described in this paper. In Spring 1974, a list of 45 behaviors developed by the author was initially presented to the 50 faculty members of the Athens, Georgia, Child Development…

This paper investigates how people acquire knowledge from maps. Emphasis is placed on heuristics--defined as the procedures that people use to select, combine, and encode map information in memory. The objective is to develop a theory of expertise in map learning by analyzing differences between fast and slow learners in terms of differences in…

This paper contends that efforts at educational reform must focus, above all, on the instructional encounter between teachers and students. The argument is presented in triadic sequence: three basic assumptions about learning, three interrelated models of the instructional process, and three practical approaches to promoting cognitive achievement.…

According to the ACT theory of skill acquisition, cognitive skills are encoded by a set of productions, which are organized according to a hierarchical goal structure. People solve problems in new domains by applying weak problem-solving procedures to declarative knowledge they have about this domain. From these initial problem solutions,…

This study, part of a larger effort to assess the effects of the Anthropology Curriculum Study Project course, "Patterns in Human History", was designed to assess the learning dynamics involved in a short lesson sequence from Part I on the concept of social position. Random structured samples of 82 project and 82 control students were…

The basic proposition of this study is that five dimensions of educational quality can serve as significant goals, that educational objectives emerging from the goals can be identified, that by improving and delivering school services and processes of quality we can elevate levels of student achievement and significantly advance students toward…

Defines holistic education as a set of teaching strategies designed to cope with brain lateralization. Suggests that teaching strategies which facilitate learning through the right, holistic hemisphere foster more comprehensive learning. Suggests six steps to involve students in participating in an educational unit. (Author/JAC)

Directed at the inquiring practitioner, this paper defines the Outward Bound (OB) process; presents a summarial schema of that process; and provides examples of process application. The OB process definition encompasses the following: the learner must demonstrate motivational readiness (appropriate manifestations of willingness and ability to…

The teacher's guide accompanies nine instructional modules on environmental education which are designed as supplementary material for a primary level social studies program. The modules focus on teaching/learning activities that will build on understanding of the interrelationships between man and the land, water, and air. A major objective is to…

This guide, prepared by the K-12 Foreign Language Committee in the School District of Philadelphia, formulates a series of behavioral objectives in the basic skills of second language learning. They include listening, speaking, reading, and writing as well as cultural education. The study specifies desired student learning behavior, describes the…

This book of readings in social studies makes available several recent developments in this discipline and attempts to summarize some of the projects, monographs, and special programs being conducted at several major curriculum centers. Five facets of the new social studies are examined here. Part One is an overview of the nature and direction of…