Gifted/talented secondary-school students used the Students Questioning Students method in their mathematics classes. The method stimulated higher-order thinking, made students more attentive listeners, and improved their public speaking self-confidence. The paper offers suggestions for implementing the method and includes three pages of letters…

Describes a model that teaches a problem-solving process and provides students with the opportunity to practice, develop, and enhance their thinking skills. States that applying learning to real problems is needed to increase a student's thinking ability. Provides diagrams of the problem-solving cycle and levels of thinking. (RT)

Discussion of educational technology and its impact on instructional methodology and the learning process focuses on six basic educational components necessary to trace technology variables directly to specific learning processes. Highlights include learning objectives; knowledge bases; instructional strategies; computer-based enhancements; and…

The author defines and discusses the cognitive theory of constructivism as it relates to teaching mathematics. It is suggested that the philosophical and theoretical view of knowledge and learning embodied in constructivism offers hope that educational processes will be discovered enabling students to acquire deep understanding rather than…

Four experiments investigated phonemic and visual similarity effects in 5- and 10-year olds. Results suggested that young children rely on modality-dependent codes, which are probably automatically activated, and do not use a speech-based memory code for drawings and words. This pattern of findings appeared to be independent of culture and…

Examines subjects' processing in misleading test items. Suggests that the M-power for children, when assessed behaviorally, may increase with age in a discrete manner, and have the potential to generate interval scales of measurement. In addition, suggests that, in light of the results, what statisticians often consider "error of…

Examined the use by children of the Novel Name-Nameless Category principle, under the framework that lexical principles are acquired in a developmental sequence. Results indicated that the particular principle was not available at the start of lexical acquisition but that exhaustive categorization ability and a vocabulary spurt occur…

Presents a historical overview of learning theories in mathematics education applied to the teaching of integers. Theories discussed are meaning vs. rote learning; direct vs. incidental; discovery vs. exposition; concrete vs. abstract; and construction vs. transmission. Includes a reproducible activity sheet and 19 references. (MKR)

Defines metacognition, examines metacognitive differences in learners, reviews past and current developments in intelligent tutoring systems, and introduces a computer-based system to help learners develop metacognition in studying from texts. Presents results of a study that analyzed the learning methods of students and makes suggestions for…

Reports on a study of effects of teaching styles, student cognitive styles, matched and mismatched conditions, and student age and gender in relation to the course grades of 207 community college students. Indicates that concrete sequential teachers assigned the lowest grades and that students over 24 attained higher grades than younger students…

Maintains that, for a cognitive construct to be accepted as explanatory, it must specify target behaviors, posit antecedent variables, and indicate how the antecedent variables can be measured independently of behavioral changes. Discusses epistemological tools that can be used in similar fashion. (CFR)

Investigated effects of object reinstatement on event recall by 6- and 9-year olds'. Subjects were interviewed either 10 days and again 10 weeks after an event, or only 10 weeks after an event. Interviewing included free recall, prompts, and questions. Found that age, delay, and object reinstatement all affected amount and accuracy of recall. (JW)

Describes the biological basis of learning and individuality. Presents an overview of recent discoveries that suggest learning engages a simple set of rules that modify the strength of connection between neurons in the brain. The changes are cited as playing an important role in making each individual unique. (MCO)

Describes the psychological analysis of the instruction of the concept of multiplication in the former Soviet Union. Presents a system of instructional situations in introducing multiplication and the main results of instruction for grade two. (MDH)

Reviews research on the development of academic skills in arithmetic and early reading, emphasizing the individual cognitive processes occurring during learning. Offers implications for the development of new methods of assessment that stress processes, rather than just products. Suggests that researchers in cognitive development and assessment…