The past thirty years have shown a rise in models of language acquisition in which the state of the learner is characterized as a probability distribution over a set of non-stochastic grammars. In recent years, increasingly powerful models have been constructed as earlier models have failed to generalize well to increasingly complex and realistic…

Poverty of the stimulus has been at the heart of ferocious and tear-filled debates at the nexus of psychology, linguistics, and philosophy for decades. This review is intended as a guide for readers without a formal linguistics or philosophy background, focusing on what poverty of the stimulus is and how it's been interpreted, which is…

In the realm of AI-driven education, it is pivotal to evaluate the viability of ChatGPT as a substitute for human teachers in English classrooms. This study aims to explore learners' behaviors, perceptions, and attitudes to ChatGPT usage in English language learning. Participants were 120 I.T. students in Vietnam -- the Korea University of…

The aim of the present study was to investigate implicit learning processes among adults with developmental dyslexia (DD) using a visual linguistic artificial grammar learning (AGL) task. Specifically, it was designed to explore whether the intact learning reported in previous studies would also occur under conditions including minimal training…

This paper is an attempt to show what parameters come into play when dealing with the problem of difficulty in foreign language learning. After subjecting the hierarchy of difficulty set up by R.P. Stockwell and J.D. Bowen to a critical examination, the author discusses various parameters such as individual and national difficulties, the…

This paper offers a way to adapt foreign language instruction to individual learner needs and difficulties. The approach consists of two parts: (1) various sources of learner problems are identified and discussed briefly; and (2) over 50 remedial classroom activities are presented and described. These activities are designed to treat specific…