Many existing reviews of educational technologies focus on the affordances of specific types of technology rather than how different technologies can be designed and used to achieve specific teaching and learning objectives. Furthermore, there appears to be a widely held assumption that the use of educational technology will result in improved…

Aim/Purpose: Although many computer science measures have been proposed, visualizing individual students' capabilities is difficult, as those measures often rely on specific tools and methods or are not graded. To solve these problems, we propose a rubric for measuring and visualizing the effects of learning computer programming for elementary…