These proceedings contain the papers of the 20th International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age (CELDA 2023), held in Madeira Island, Portugal, from 21 to 23 October 2023 and organized by the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS). The CELDA conference aims to address the…

Despite the importance of parallelism concept in understanding advanced geometric concepts, past studies have constantly reported poor mastery of this concept. To pinpoint students' current states in the progression of parallelism concept acquisition, this study aimed to profile students' knowledge states and model their learning pathways.…

While preserving the elements that have made the previous two editions so successful--such as chapters on sleep, exercise, memory and mindset--this third edition introduces students to wholly new aspects of brain function and how they impact learning; and furthermore, addresses the challenges of learning online. By introducing new concepts,…

The brain alone is a complex organ in which all sensory, intellectual, emotional, and intuitive perceptions take place. Today, one of the research challenges in teaching-learning science is the answer to the question of how much the application of findings from neuroscience studies on learning can be effective in improving the quality of…

The 1980s and 1990s saw a robust connection between computer science education and cognitive psychology as researchers worked to understand how students learn to program. More recently, academic disciplines such as science and engineering have begun drawing on cognitive psychology research and theories of learning to create instructional materials…

One of the challenges that students face is how to remember and preserve information from their teachers accurately over an extended period. Shedding a light on memory retention--both accuracy and longevity--is the Old Testament, which emphasizes the effectiveness of repetition as a learning process. This approach to learning by repetition…

This study aimed to validate and explore outcomes of a questionnaire assessing instructional strategies and active learning perceptions among students. The questionnaire, developed through iterative processes and validated by experts and student samples, featured 17 vignettes representing various instructional strategies. Factor analysis revealed…

In the coda chapter of the special issue on second language (L2) practice and cognitive psychology, we proposed a theoretical framework for optimizing and researching L2 practice (Suzuki, Nakata, & DeKeyser, 2019). Rogers and Leow's commentary (2020) raised three potential issues regarding this framework, and the present response article aims…

Unlike traditional methods, the communicative approaches draw on implicit and incidental ways of learning and contextualised exercises of grammar which improve language performance in terms of fluency and communicative competence. However, the discursive plan implies the use of high-level units of knowledge and the automatization of low-level…

The construct of metacognition appears in an ever increasing number and range of contexts in educational, developmental, and cognitive psychology. Can it retain its status as a useful construct in the face of such diverse application? Or is it merely an umbrella term for diverse mental phenomena that are loosely if at all connected? Here I argue…

Since the 1960s, researchers have been trying to optimize the sequencing of instructional activities using the tools of reinforcement learning (RL) and sequential decision making under uncertainty. Many researchers have realized that reinforcement learning provides a natural framework for optimal instructional sequencing given a particular model…

In this new edition of the highly regarded "Why Don't Students Like School?" cognitive psychologist Daniel Willingham turns his research on the biological and cognitive basis of learning into workable teaching techniques. This book will help you improve your teaching practice by explaining how you and your students think and learn. It…

The family of cognitive models sometimes referred to as the "Learning Pyramid" enjoys a considerable level of authority within several areas of educational studies, despite that nobody knows how they originated or whether they were supported by any empirical evidence. This article investigates the early history of these models. Through…

Cognition is not just 'in the head'; it extends well beyond the skull and the skin. Non-Cartesian Cognitive Science views cognition as being embodied, environmentally embedded, enacted, encultured, and socially distributed. The Douglas Fir Group (2016) likewise recognizes languages as emergent, social, integrated phenomena. Language is the…

Skill acquisition theorists conceptualize second language (L2) learning as the acquisition of a set of perceptual, cognitive, and motor skills. The dominant view in skill acquisition theory is to regard L2 skill acquisition as a three-stage process "from initial representation of knowledge through initial changes in behavior to eventual…