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Direct linkXu, Chang; LeFevre, Jo-Anne; Skwarchuk, Sheri-Lynn; Di Lonardo Burr, Sabrina; Lafay, Anne; Wylie, Judith; Osana, Helena P.; Douglas, Heather; Maloney, Erin A.; Simms, Victoria – Developmental Psychology, 2021
In the present research, we provide empirical evidence for the process of symbolic integration of number associations, focusing on the development of simple addition (e.g., 5 + 3 = 8), subtraction (e.g., 5 - 3 = 2), and multiplication (e.g., 5 × 3 = 15). Canadian children were assessed twice, in Grade 2 and Grade 3 (N = 244; 55% girls). All…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Arithmetic, Mathematics Skills, Age Differences
Tenison, Caitlin; Anderson, John R. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
A focus of early mathematics education is to build fluency through practice. Several models of skill acquisition have sought to explain the increase in fluency because of practice by modeling both the learning mechanisms driving this speedup and the changes in cognitive processes involved in executing the skill (such as transitioning from…
Descriptors: Skill Development, Mathematics Skills, Learning Processes, Markov Processes
Ash, Ivan K.; Jee, Benjamin D.; Wiley, Jennifer – Journal of Problem Solving, 2012
Gestalt psychologists proposed two distinct learning mechanisms. Associative learning occurs gradually through the repeated co-occurrence of external stimuli or memories. Insight learning occurs suddenly when people discover new relationships within their prior knowledge as a result of reasoning or problem solving processes that re-organize or…
Descriptors: Intuition, Learning Processes, Metacognition, Associative Learning
