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David Ruiz Méndez – Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 2024
The aim of this study was to model a situation that induced choice between following two incompatible rules, each associated with a different rate of reinforcement. In Experiment 1, eight undergraduate students were exposed to a two-component multiple schedule (training). In each component, there was a concurrent variable interval (VI)-extinction…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Guidelines, Reinforcement, Undergraduate Students
Vigo, Ronaldo; Doan, Charles A.; Zhao, Li – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
The quest for determining the degree of learning difficulty associated with different types of categories has been instrumental in our understanding of human categorization behavior and, more broadly, human generalization. For instance, we now know that the topological nature of the dimensions (e.g., whether these are integral or separable) that…
Descriptors: Discrimination Learning, Classification, Learning Processes, Difficulty Level
Hu, Mingjia; Nosofsky, Robert M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
In a novel version of the classic dot-pattern prototype-distortion paradigm of category learning, Homa et al. (2019) tested a condition in which individual training instances never repeated, and observed results that they claimed severely challenged exemplar models of classification and recognition. Among the results was a dissociation in which…
Descriptors: Classification, Recognition (Psychology), Computation, Models
George, David N.; Oltean, Bianca P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Learning to categorize perceptually similar stimuli can result in people becoming more sensitive to differences along perceptual dimensions that are relevant to category membership and/or less sensitive to equivalent differences along irrelevant perceptual dimensions. These effects of acquired distinctiveness and acquired equivalence may be caused…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, College Students, Associative Learning, Learning Processes
Wenger, Michael J.; Rhoten, Stephanie E. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
In their seminal study of chess expertise, Simon and Chase (Chase & Simon, 1973; Simon & Chase, 1973) proposed that perceptual learning was a necessary component of skill acquisition. In their view, acquisition of skill results from the strategic use of learning at multiple levels to adaptively overcome inherent limitations. The knowledge…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Perceptual Development, Perceptual Motor Learning, Skill Development
Lee, Jessica C.; Hayes, Brett K.; Lovibond, Peter F. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Two experiments tested whether a peak-shifted generalization gradient could be explained by the averaging of distinct gradients displayed in subgroups reporting different generalization rules. Across experiments using a causal judgment task (Experiment 1) and a fear conditioning paradigm (Experiment 2), we found a close concordance between…
Descriptors: Generalization, Associative Learning, Discrimination Learning, Learning Theories
Nelson, James Byron; Fabiano, Andrew M.; Lamoureux, Jeffrey A. – Learning & Memory, 2018
Two experiments assessed the effects of extinguishing a conditioned cue on subsequent context conditioning. Each experiment used a different video-game method where sensors predicted attacking spaceships and participants responded to the sensor in a way that prepared them for the upcoming attack. In Experiment 1 extinction of a cue which signaled…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Arousal Patterns, Attention, Context Effect
Gescheider, George A.; Wright, John H. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012
Vibrotactile intensity-discrimination thresholds for sinusoidal stimuli applied to the thenar eminence of the hand declined as a function of practice. However, improvement was confined to the tactile information-processing channel in which learning had occurred. Specifically, improvements in performance with training within the Pacinian-corpuscle…
Descriptors: Tactual Perception, Stimuli, Information Processing, Transfer of Training
Baeyens, Frank; Vansteenwegen, Debora; Beckers, Tom; Hermans, Dirk; Kerkhof, Ineke; De Ceulaer, Annick – Learning & Memory, 2005
Using a conditioned suppression task, we investigated extinction and renewal of Pavlovian modulation in human sequential Feature Positive (FP) discrimination learning. In Experiment 1, in context a participants were first trained on two FP discriminations, X[right arrow]A+/A- and Y[right arrow]B+/B-. Extinction treatment was administered in the…
Descriptors: Discrimination Learning, Classical Conditioning, Contingency Management, Sequential Learning