Clarke et al. (2014) provide a persuasive case for the role of a theory-of-change model to guide the nature of curriculum development work embodying both a theoretical and empirical knowledge foundation. They illuminate the components of their model, which were used to design and test the efficacy of a Tier 2 intervention for students who met…

Implementation of effective interventions relies on the use of assessment data to adequately describe the learning problem and offer potential solutions. The use of curriculum-based assessment and measurement when combined with the learning hierarchy could offer a paradigm for decision making based on a skill-by-treatment interaction.…

Homework is a reality in the lives of most American school children. At its best, homework is a highly useful and appropriate strategy. At its worst, it can wreak havoc in the lives of many children and families who fail to master behavioral and environmental routines that create conditions and patterns conducive for optimal performance. Thus,…

The present study used generalizability theory to investigate the dependability of systematic observations of students' problem behavior and on-task behavior in classrooms. The Direct Observation Form (McConaughy & Achenbach, 2009) was used with a sample of 24, 6- to-11-year-old children attending 18 different elementary schools. The participants…

Provides background for school psychologists to use in consulting with teachers about learning problems in science. Two approaches that have dominated current practices for the past few decades do not align well with research-based design features of quality science curricula diverse learners need. Describes four important research-based…

Nist and Joseph (2008) have confirmed earlier research showing that adding and interspersing a large number of time-consuming learning trials targeting known items (e.g., incremental rehearsal (IR) or interspersal) retards student learning rates. In addition, their current study has confirmed earlier research that adding and interspersing known…

Examines two myths about writing: good writing cannot be taught, and writing develops naturally. For each myth, alternative ways to achieve goals with students who find writing difficult are explored. Proposed instructional procedures focus on development of knowledge, skill, will, and self-regulation in writing. (Author/JDM)

Studies the role education curriculum and instructional practices have in contributing to students' academic difficulties because current school psychology services typically do not focus on them. Proposes that school psychologists direct more effort at ensuring implementation of effective instructional practices in general education, and…

Although it is too early to make definitive statements about cognitive-behavioral efficacy for treatment of traditional academic problems, initial research indicates that school psychologists should implement some of these cognitive-behavioral techniques for the modification of classroom learning problems. Well-documented implementations will be…

Assesses discriminate validity of teacher judgments in differentiating various groups of students who are at risk for learning difficulties based on referral to School Study Teams (SSTs). Large differences are found between controls and at-risk groups. Results from cross-validated discriminate function analyses shows teacher judgment correctly…

Discusses emerging tools implied by recent reform efforts in mathematics education. Critiques current textbooks based on three factors (rate content is introduced, efficacy of explanations, adequacy of practice and review). Identifies four attributes of mathematics educational tools that may help teachers reduce failure of diverse learners…

A new partnership between special education and regular education is advocated to address obstacles interfering with effective instruction for handicapped children. School psychologists must shift to a proactive position of preventing learning and instructional problems. Children must receive the best instruction and services possible within the…

Offers a framework for improving instructional tools in beginning reading with emphasis on their importance for children with diverse learning needs. Bases rationale on current practices and challenges of increasing diversity in classrooms. Identifies critical dimension or big ideas of beginning reading and relates it to curriculum design…

Epileptic children may have physical and emotional needs which can interfere with learning and socialization. Current prevalence estimates, definitions, and classifications of epilepsy are surveyed. Factors affecting the epileptic child's school performance and specific learning problems are addressed. Specific roles are presented for school…

Standardized tests are merely a place to begin evaluation. As an alternative, criterion-referenced measures offer more specific information. The end point of assessment must involve diagnostic teaching and continuous evaluation of real-life task and setting modifications. (Author/CP)