Musical instruments have been recognized as attractive targets of volitionally developed long-term engagement. However, in music education research, the significance of autonomy in fostering learning motivation has mainly been perceived through the prism of student-teacher interaction. Addressing this gap, this study shifts the focus towards an…

In the 21st century, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an important element of human experience. Its application in English-language education should enhance students' linguistic abilities. However, there is a scarcity of research on the anxiety and demotivation in them that occurs from incorporating AI in teaching and learning English on…

With rapid globalization, it is an urgent task for universities in an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context to provide practical English education. Particularly, one that enables students to participate in the global society as well as the global business market. The challenge for these universities is to achieve this goal with limited class…

Student engagement is a key factor in promoting learning and academic achievement. This study explores the factors underlying student engagement and the best practices advocated by students and faculty to engage students. Results revealed that student motivation to learn and self-efficacy are positively associated with student engagement. In…

Recent literature justifies the use of virtual learning in supporting middle-grades students' mathematical knowledge development and emphasizes the critical role of motivation in learning (Lo & Hew, 2020; Murphy et al., 2020; Spitzer & Musslick, 2021). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation both play a role in learning for middle-grades…

The COVID-19 pandemic transformed a traditional classroom setting into an online classroom setting, including the teaching and learning process in the English for Specific Purposes (ESP) context. The change influenced the students' motivational state. This study aimed to investigate the students' perception of the demotivating teaching strategies…

Self-directed learning enables students to take charge of their educational journey by selecting their own paths, thereby fostering intrinsic motivation. Traditional educational models often rely on extrinsic motivators like grades and rewards, whereas self-directed approaches emphasize personal satisfaction and curiosity. Review of existing…

As lack of interaction has been cited as a central reason for reduced academic motivation during online learning and given gratitude's crucial role in forming and maintaining interpersonal relationships, this study examined the association between gratitude and academic motivation. Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses have found…

Virtual environments open up far-reaching possibilities with respect to knowledge impartation. Nevertheless, they have the potential to negatively influence learning behavior. As a possible positive determinant, especially in the digital context, the moment "game" can be listed. Accordingly, previous studies prove an overall positive…

This study aims to determine the relationship between the loneliness levels and intrinsic motivation levels felt by distance learners in a virtual environment. To this end, predictive design was used as a quantitative research method. The results obtained from 330 distance learner participants revealed a medium level negative statistically…

The purpose of this study was to implement an effective online learning environment based on self-determination theory (SDT) and to develop eighteen main elements of the conceptual environment. The significant difference between SDT and other motivation theories is that SDT emphasizes on how to internalize motivation, and it explores the…

In recent years, MOOCs have become firmly established as valid e-learning environments and, as such, have been developed by many universities using different types of platform. Given the voluntary nature of MOOC enrollment, motivation is crucial to our understanding of why students register for and complete these courses. The present study…

Self-regulation and language learning motivation have always been the research focus of foreign language acquisition. In higher education, the heterogeneity of college students creates diversity in SRL abilities, especially with the prevalence of online learning nowadays. The current study investigates the profiles of college EFL learners'…

Self-regulated learning (SRL) is a prerequisite for successful learning. However, studies have reported that many students struggle with self-regulation in online learning, indicating the need to provide students with additional support for SRL. This study adopted a design-based research methodology to iteratively design, implement, and evaluate…

This study is significant as it seeks to establish the connection between the digital literacy levels of pre-service teachers and their teacher identities while also examining the mediating role of mobile learning in this relationship. Additionally, it explores the impact of pre-service teachers' digital literacy and learning motivations on their…