The purpose of this quantitative study was to explore the impact the COVID-19 pandemic had on medical education by comparing USMLE Step 1 first attempt pass rates of examinees from US/Canadian schools in Doctor of Medicine (MD) programs from 2020-2022 to prior years' pass first attempt pass rates (2017-2019). Additionally, the effectiveness of the…

Evolving from its instructional design origins and directly related to contemporary learning experience design (LXD), learning design has emerged as a movement within the field of workplace learning and development that seeks to shift the focus of training and education from the content to the learner. The origins of this learner focus can be…

This study, originally prompted by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on educational practices, examined Canadian faculty members' expectations of teaching and learning modalities in the year 2026. Employing a speculative methodology and thematic analysis, interview responses of 34 faculty members led to the construction of three hypothetical…

This study explores the ways in which young second language learners in an intact fourth-grade content and language integrated (CLIL) science class drew on the affordances of multiple semiotic resources including language, images, sound, movement, etc., to construct disciplinary knowledge in the context of a multimodal project on machines. After…

In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, we continue to take stock of student learning. Although the "crisis-context" (Gacs et al., 2020) move to fully online instruction may be over, a complete understanding of how student outcomes have been impacted remains. The present study focuses on how students' Spanish language proficiency, as…

Most college students take lecture notes to prepare for tests. With technology development, more students are recording notes on laptops rather than writing them longhand. Previous studies comparing laptop and longhand note taking mediums yielded mixed results, highlighting the need to identify influencing factors. The present study investigated a…

The authors argue for an expansive and inclusive approach to literacy instruction that moves beyond multimodality to embrace multiplicity in readers, texts, mediums, activities, environments, and contexts aligned to our 21st century world. In particular, rather than privileging the linguistic mode, the authors argue for using all modes and…

Listening to music activates representations of movement and social agents. Why? We test whether causal reasoning plays a role, and find that from childhood, people can intuitively reason about how musical sounds were generated, inferring the events and agents that caused the sounds. In Experiment 1 (N = 120, pre-registered), 6-year-old children…

Cross-dimensional interference between spatial and temporal processing provides valuable insights into the neuronal representation of space and time. Previous research has frequently found asymmetric interference patterns, with temporal judgments being more affected by spatial information than vice versa. However, this asymmetry has been…

Most reading technologies claim to provide experiences similar to reading on print paper. This study compared reading across different digital platforms and print books. Digital reading mediums used in this study were reading on a PC screen, a handheld e-reader and an iPad. A total of eighty participants enrolled in various university courses took…

Numerous studies have documented the benefits of watching audio-visual materials with on-screen text for L2 vocabulary learning (Montero Perez, 2022). The provision of both auditory and textual input allows learners to link auditory and written forms (or L1 meanings) of unknown words during viewing, which could potentially facilitate vocabulary…

Vision and language are the primary modalities of our human perception and learning. Recent years have witnessed fast development of methods that connect vision and language. Current deep learning methods are data-hungry, thus pre-training on large-scale data helps warm up the model and shows better fine-tuning results on downstream tasks.…

The problem that this Education Leadership Portfolio (ELP) focused on is the high failure/withdrawal rates of online mathematics courses at Delaware Technical Community College (DTCC), caused in part by the limited flexibility of current course modalities. Therefore, the goal was to increase course pass rates while still providing students…

The term learning styles (LS) describes the notion that individuals have a preferred modality of learning (i.e., vision, audition, or kinesthesis) and that matching instruction to this modality results in optimal learning. During the last decades, LS has received extensive criticism, yet they remain a virtual truism within education. One of the…

The modality effect refers to the robust finding that memory performance differs for items presented aurally, as compared with visually. Whereas auditory presentation leads to stronger recency performance in immediate recall, visual presentation often produces better primacy performance (the inverse modality effect). To investigate and model these…