The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the strengths and weaknesses of a student with LD from their pre-school period until their last year of university. The participant is a 4th year student in a university Guidance and Psychological Counselling department. This study used multiple qualitative research methods, including a case…

Spatial language and ability play important roles in children's cognitive development. Spatial ability in kindergarten predicts achievement in reading, math, science, and technology in primary school and therefore constitutes an important skill set in preparation for school entrance. Good spatial thinking skills are required for learning in…

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of an activity with an educational electronic storybook with math content on the emergent math of kindergarteners at risk for learning disabilities (LD) compared with kindergarteners with typical development (TD). The study included 107 kindergarteners aged 4.6 to 7. Both the participants at risk for…

This study used a multiple-probe, multiple-baseline single-case design to investigate the efficacy of planning, and then revising strategy instruction using self-regulated strategy development on the compare-contrast writing performance of three late elementary students with language-learning disabilities. After receiving the planning instruction,…

Written expression is an essential skill to actively function in today's society. For many learners, especially those with a learning disability (LD), writing can be a source of frustration. Technology in its various forms, holds promise to assist students in this area. The current study examines the role that tablet technology, specifically,…

Purpose: Even without explicit instruction, learners are able to extract information about the form of a language simply by attending to input that reflects the underlying grammar. In this study, the authors explored the role of variability in this learning by asking whether varying the number of unique exemplars heard by the learner affects…

The purpose of the study reported here was to examine the effect of activity with an educational electronic book (e-book), with/without metacognitive guidance, on the emergent literacy (rhyming) and emergent math (essence of addition, ordinal numbers) of kindergartners at risk for learning disability (LD). Seventy-seven children…

This study investigated whether children with language learning disability (LLD) differed from typically-developing peers in their ability to learn meanings of novel words presented during reading. Fifteen 9-11-year-old children with LLD and 15 typically-developing peers read four passages containing 20 nonsense words. Word learning was assessed…

Mathematical learning difficulties can originate at an early age. However, research on young children's math development, especially those who are at risk, is in its early stages. The current study is the first to examine the effects of an activity with an educational e-book on emergent math with 52 preschoolers at risk for learning disability…

The aim of this study was to derive core profiles from the general education subsample from the Comprehensive Test of Nonverbal Intelligence (CTONI) using a three-stage cluster analysis procedure. Findings indicate that level, not shape, differences should be expected from administration of the CTONI to students both with and without learning…

The relationship among IQs of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R), Test of Nonverbal Intelligence (TONI), and Quick Test (QT) were investigated using 51 students (grades 2-8) with suspected learning problems. The subjects scored significantly higher on the TONI than on the WISC-R Verbal and Full Scales. (Author/VW)

Reviews a test of nonverbal intelligence that uses stimulus materials and task situations that are not confounded by language impairment or other handicaps. (HOD)

Given the paucity of research describing the use of the TONI-3 with urban children with disabilities, a brief review of the literature was conducted. While little relevant research was identified, the use of the TONI-3 was supported in a number of diverse settings. This paper also describes a study designed to examine the validity of the Test of…