In computer-assisted language learning (CALL), a variety of studies have explored the use of Virtual Exchange (VE) for shaping learners' cultural competence from the perspective of sociolinguistics. However, few studies have examined learners' psycholinguistic factors in this context. Since based on the dynamic complex system, students'…

The bewildering pace of change in technology has had a polarizing effect on the teaching profession. Teachers tend to cope in two ways, either by finding the least invasive ways to use technology without interfering with their standard mode of practice, or by embracing technology at every step and turn in new and innovative ways. The former does a…