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Direct linkCox, Troy L.; Brown, Alan V.; Thompson, Gregory L. – Language Testing, 2023
The rating of proficiency tests that use the Inter-agency Roundtable (ILR) and American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) guidelines claims that each major level is based on hierarchal linguistic functions that require mastery of multidimensional traits in such a way that each level subsumes the levels beneath it. These…
Descriptors: Oral Language, Language Fluency, Scoring, Cues
Download full textKitao, S. Kathleen; Kitao, Kenji – 1996
Speaking a second language is probably the most difficult skill to test in that it involves a combination of skills that may have no correlation with each other, and which do not lend themselves to objective testing. In addition, what can be understood is a function of the listener's background and ability as well as those of the speaker. Another…
Descriptors: Communicative Competence (Languages), Educational Assessment, Foreign Countries, Language Fluency
