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Direct linkZhang, Jie; Lu, Xiaofei – Modern Language Journal, 2013
This study examined variability in Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL) learners' development of the Chinese numeral classifier system from a dynamic systems approach. Our data consisted of a longitudinal corpus of 657 essays written by CFL learners at lower and higher intermediate levels and a corpus of 100 essays written by native speakers (NSs)…
Descriptors: Chinese, Second Language Instruction, Second Language Learning, Longitudinal Studies
Beaudrie, Sara; Ducar, Cynthia – Heritage Language Journal, 2005
This paper addresses beginning level Spanish heritage language (SHL) learners' attitudes towards their language and culture. Heritage language (HL) programs and research have often overlooked beginning level learners, especially within university settings. The current study involved 20 participants from a beginning level SHL class in the…
Descriptors: Advanced Students, Linguistic Borrowing, Heritage Education, Language Attitudes
