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Rondon-Pari, Graziela – Contemporary Issues in Education Research, 2011
This study reflects a social constructivist theoretical framework in which the zone of proximal development (ZPD) is a central element, as two teaching approaches, communicative language teaching (CLT) and explicit focus on form (FonF) are examined. Research questions include: Are CLT and explicit FonF conducive to reaching the ZPD? Is there a…
Descriptors: Classroom Communication, Spanish, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Druist, Joanne – 1977
Twelve teenagers of Puerto Rican origin were interviewed to determine their proficiency in speaking and understanding Spanish. Three levels of oral Spanish proficiency were established as reference points on a continuum by using self-ratings, peer-ratings, and self-reports of usage. These impressions were verified by the number and type of errors…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Bilingual Students, Communicative Competence (Languages), Error Analysis (Language)