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Direct linkBaker-Smemoe, Wendy; Cundick, Denisa K.; Evans, Norman; Henrichsen, Lynn; Dewey, Dan P. – Applied Language Learning, 2012
This study investigated the relationship between out-of-class L2 use and proficiency gains in learners of English as a second language (ESL) in an intensive English language program. In contrast to previous studies on this topic, which have found weak, non-existent or even inverse relationships between out-of-class language experience and L2…
Descriptors: Measures (Individuals), English (Second Language), Language Enrichment, Semi Structured Interviews
Download full textSpada, Nina; Lightbown, Patsy M. – TESL Canada Journal, 1989
Reports on a study designed to investigate the second language development of francophone children in an experimental intensive English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) program in Quebec. Results indicated that subjects outperformed students in regular ESL programs on listening and reading comprehension tests and in oral fluency and had more positive…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, French
