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Direct linkPamela M. Wesely; Bing Gao – Foreign Language Annals, 2024
The Seal of Biliteracy (SoBL) is a high school graduation credential that recognizes US students in their final year of high school who have demonstrated proficiency in English and at least one other language. SoBL implementation has been shown in many contexts to be governed by local policy arbiters, who interpret the state policy to provide…
Descriptors: Literacy, Bilingualism, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Ockey, Gary J. – Language Assessment Quarterly, 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic led to rapid innovation among language assessment developers who had to adapt their testing processes to address various restrictions from governments and institutions. This overview introduces some of the challenges and opportunities test developers grappled with during this period as well as introduces the six commentaries…
Descriptors: COVID-19, Pandemics, Placement Tests, Barriers
Shea, Christine – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2019
This study examines how dominance and proficiency relate to Spanish heritage speaker vowel productions. Participants' normalized vowel measurements were compared to nonheritage native speakers of Spanish and English using the Pillai score, an output of Multivariate Analysis of Variances (MANOVAs) that allows comparisons across distributions of two…
Descriptors: Language Dominance, Native Language, Language Proficiency, Spanish
Download full textKreck, Carol – Education Commission of the States, 2014
Today, English language learners (ELLs)--students whose primary language is other than English--are the fastest-growing major school population in the United States. Between 2000-01 and 2010-11, the number of these students, whose level of English proficiency is not sufficient to support learning in a regular English language classroom, rose 18…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, English Language Learners, Language Proficiency
Iowa Department of Education, 2004
This handbook for Iowa school districts was first published many years ago. Since that time, several significant sociopolitical and educational changes have occurred. For example, there has been an increase in the number of languages and cultures represented both in Iowa and in the political arenas of the nation. Immigrants and refugees from…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Minority Groups, Educational Quality, School Districts
Iowa State Dept. of Public Instruction, Des Moines. Div. of Pupil Personnel Services. – 1968
Elementary and Secondary Education Act, Title I, Mexican American migrant programs in the state of Iowa stressed low pupil-teacher ratio, establishment of students' educational attainment, and use of ungraded curriculum. Since the language barrier was identified as a major obstacle to information transmission in the classroom, oral language…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Curriculum, English (Second Language), Federal Programs
