It is argued that mastery of verbal aspect in Russian calls for the development in the student of a novel pattern of linguistic perception for actions and occurrences. (Author/RM)

Attempts, through clarification of the term "translation," to define and put in place, from a methodological point of view, the latent tendency to reach back to the native language system, and its effect on the learning of the target language. (Text is in French.) (IFS/WGA)

Based on an analysis of textbooks, a presentation of four basic functions of clarity, or graphic presentation in the textbook (geographical, semantic, situational, stimulating) as well as their place and functions in the learning processes, on the basis of discoveries by A. N. Leontyev and P. Ja. Galperin. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

From the Contents: Character of knowledge of value, procedure and norms; its transmission and actualization (activation), presented through examples from Grades 5 to 10; the dialectic reciprocal relationship of all kinds of knowledge (including practical knowledge); its role in the development of personality. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

Summarizes the usefulness and the disadvantage of error analysis, and discusses a reorientation of error analysis, specifically regarding grammar instruction and the significance of errors. (Text is in French.) (AM)

Ten variables involved in learning a second language are listed and discussed and a bibliography on the subject given. (RM)

The natural process of learning language is to concentrate on what we mean, not only on how we are saying it. What we mean is dependent upon the context in which we speak. This context in turn depends on the society or the speech-community in which our speech act takes place. To be a member of a speech community is to know what language behavior…

This article discusses the now established" fact that one aspect of language development in native English speakers is the increasing ability to embed larger and larger numbers of sentence consituents and considers its implications for second language acquisition. (FB)

Pessimism regarding pedagogical applications of contrastive studies, and reasons therefore, are described. Several misunderstandings believed to contribute to this pessimism, and several areas of controversy concerning uses of contrastive studies, are discussed. See FL 508 197 for availability. (RM)

Cites experience from a project (in Kiel) teaching German as a second language to show that second language acquisition proceeds not haphazardly but in a well-defined order of stages. As yet not enough is known about what determines these stages to warrant conclusions for teaching purposes. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

Sets up a model in which the functioning of the brain is seen in terms of a computer's operations; then considers the applications of such a model to foreign language teaching and learning, with particular emphasis on feedback and simulations. (KM)

A discussion of the phenomena affecting language learning. (Text is in Spanish.) (DS)