The phonology of General Indian English (the region-independent variety of English that is considered the norm for India) is analyzed as a step in establishing a standard pronunciation for classroom use in India. A table is appended which presents English sound discriminations that are difficult for Indian learners with various language…

An adequate theory of phonology should be able to explain the process of adaptation of foreign words into the native language, as well as to account for their nativized phonological and phonetic representations. The paper acknowledges the deficiencies of the "phonetic approximation" and the "phonemic approximation" hypotheses in meeting this end,…

Traces the history of the description of French Creoles, and discusses various issues in Creole description, including the notions of "mixed languages" and substratum, the relationship between Creole and French, language standardization, and the teaching of Creoles. (AM)

The fourth volume in this series contains nine contrastive studies in phonetics and phonology. They are: "Remarks on the Physical Manifestation of Internal Open Juncture in the English of Romanians," by Andrei Avram; "The Back Vowels of Romanian and English--A Contrastive Study," by Laurentia Dascalu; "Remarks on the English Diphthongs and…

Standard measures and techniques are needed to establish resemblances and differences among languages. A determination of the degree to which one lanquage or dialect differs from another requires the examination of language universals. To study what languages have in common, attention has to be given to the physical, psychological, and social…

Wukari and Takum, two dialects of Jukun, are studied in this text, intended for both the trained linguist and the less trained student. The Jukun tribe is estimated to number 25,000 people living in the Benue River sections of Nigeria. Although the study is not intended to be comparative, some statements are included that indicate the patterned…