Recent insights into speech production are used to shed light on the dynamics of listening and resolution of fluent speech. Specific restoration processes are exemplified to illustrate what effective listening strategies encompass. Processes involved in auditory decoding, lexical decomposition, and semantic interpretation are seen as important in…

Examples of conversational interactions between a native speaker of English and a Japanese person learning English illustrate the need for more culturally sensitive English as a second language teaching, pointing out that language instruction requires attention and sensitivity to not just linguistic factors but also sociolinguistic aspects. (CB)

Reviews current practice in the study of phonological interlanguage. The methodology of 22 pieces of research is surveyed in terms of subjects, range of phonological features, "synchronic" and "diachronic" approaches, techniques and materials, audio-recording and transcription. The article discusses the advantages and…